Table 3.

Adjusted and crude OR for severe morbidities in relation to different types of LOS

Comparison	Severe BPD*		Severe ROP†		Cystic PVL‡
	22–31 weeks’ GA	22–27 weeks	22–31 weeks	22–27 weeks	22–31 weeks	22–27 weeks
Culture-positive LOS versus no sepsis§
Adjusted OR	1.7 (1.3–2.2)	1.5 (1.1–2.1)	1.8 (1.2–2.8)	1.8 (1.2–2.9)	2.2 (1.4–3.4)	2.1 (1.2–3.4)
Crude OR	6.3 (5.1–7.8)	3.2 (2.5–4.1)	5.7 (3.9–8.3)	2.5 (1.6–3.7)	3.4 (2.3–5.0)	2.0 (1.3–3.3)
Gram negative LOS versus no sepsis						2.5
Adjusted OR	1.3 (0.7–2.2)	1.2 (0.7–2.4)	1.6 (0.7–3.7)	1.7 (0.8–4.0)	3.2 (1.5–7.0)	2.8 (1.2–6.7)
Crude OR	4.5 (2.9–7.1)	2.5 (1.5–4.1)	6.5 (3.3–13.0)	2.6 (1.2–5.5)	5.1 (2.6–10.1)	2.5 (1.1–5.7)
Gram-positive LOS versus no sepsis
Adjusted OR	2.1 (1.3–3.2)	1.8 (1.1–2.9)	2.2 (1.2–4.1)	2.2 (1.2–4.1)	3.3 (1.8–6.2)	3.0 (1.5–6.0
Crude OR	6.7 (4.8–9.3)	3.5 (2.3–5.2)	5.6 (3.2–10.0)	2.7 (1.5–4.9)	4.1 (2.3–7.3)	2.6 (1.3–5.1)
CoNS LOS versus no sepsis
Adjusted OR	1.5 (1.1–2.3)	1.6 (1.1–2.4)	1.6 (0.9–3.0)	1.6 (0.9–3.0)	1.3 (0.6–2.6)	1.4 (0.7–3.0)
Crude OR	7.0 (5.3–9.3)	3.5 (2.5–4.9)	5.4 (3.5–9.4)	2.4 (1.4–4.2)	2.4 (1.3–4.5)	1.6 (0.8–3.2)
Culture-negative LOS versus no sepsis
Adjusted OR	1.6 (1.3–2.6)	2.2 (1.4–3.2)	1.8 (1.0–3.0)	1.6 (0.9–2.8)	1.0 (0.5–2.0)	1.0 (0.4–2.3)
Crude OR	7.3 (5.6–9.4)	4.6 (3.3–6.4)	4.9 (3.1–8.0)	2.1 (1.3–3.7)	1.4 (0.7–2.9)	0.9 (0.4–2.0)

Severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD); 1 value was missing. Severe retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), 9 values were missing.

*Adjusted for CRIB2, mechanical ventilation, antibiotic exposure in the first week of life and year of birth (2009–2013 vs 2014–2018).

†Adjusted for CRIB2, mechanical ventilation in the first week of life and year of birth (2009–2013 vs 2014–2018).

‡Adjusted for CRIB2, Apgar 5 min, EOS, intracranial haemorrhage grade 3–4 and year of birth (2009–2013 vs 2014–2018).

§No sepsis; neither culture-positive EOS nor LOS, n=4457 infants.

CRIB2, clinical risk index for babies 2; EOS, early-onset sepsis; LOS, late-onset sepsis; PVL, periventricular leukomalacia.