Table 4.

Promising antenatal interventions to prevent LBW, PTB, or SGA.

Antenatal interventions currently not recommended by WHO	Intervention category
Replacement of IFA supplementation for pregnant women with MMN supplementation1	Nutrition
Prophylactic application of uterine cervical stitch (cerclage) for women at increased risk of PTB	Other
Professionally provided psychosocial support for women at risk of giving birth to a LBW or preterm infant	Other

Antenatal interventions recommended by WHO, for another indication2	Intervention category
Provision of high-dose calcium supplements (>1 g / day) to pregnant women in areas with low dietary calcium3	Nutrition
Provision of low-dose aspirin during pregnancy to women at increased risk of preeclampsia4	Other
Psychosocial interventions to reduce smoking in pregnancy5	Other

¹WHO recommendation sentence: Antenatal multiple micronutrient supplements that include iron and folic acid are recommended in the context of rigorous research.

²Includes interventions without an indication to LBW, PTB, SGA or stillbirth in the recommendation sentence, or recommendation on malaria control in pregnancy

³WHO recommendation sentence: In populations with low dietary calcium intake, daily calcium supplementation (1.5–2.0 g oral elemental calcium) is recommended for pregnant women to reduce the risk of pre-eclampsia.

⁴WHO recommendation sentence: Low-dose acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin, 75 mg per day) is recommended for the prevention of pre-eclampsia in women at moderate or high risk of developing the condition.

⁵WHO recommendation sentence: Health-care providers should ask all pregnant women about their tobacco use (past and present) and exposure to second-hand smoke as early as possible in the pregnancy and at every antenatal care visit.