TABLE 3.
Hazard ratios with corresponding 95% CIs of the association of omega-3 supplementation use and its blood biomarkers with risk of AD according to strata of age, sex, APOE ε4 status and cognitive status in the ADNI cohort
| Omega-3 supplementation |
Blood markers |
|||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-exposure | Exposure | Medium-term exposure | Long-term exposure | Omega-3 | DHA | ALA | ||
| Sex | Male | 1 (reference) | 0.80 (0.56-1.15) | 0.10 (0.68-1.46) | 0.33 (0.13-0.82) | 1.04 (0.50-2.18) | 1.02 (0.61-1.72) | 1.11 (0.57-2.17) |
| Female | 1 (reference) | 0.62 (0.38-1.02) | 0.65 (0.38-1.11) | 0.50 (0.16-1.61) | 1.84 (0.67-5.04) | 1.40 (0.67-2.92) | 1.85 (0.75-4.61) | |
| Age | Midlife <65 y | 1 (reference) | 0.87 (0.33-2.35) | 0.94 (0.35-2.53) | 0.78 (0.00-∞) | 0.91 (0.12-6.70) | 0.79 (0.18-3.44) | 4.09(0.76-22.00) |
| Late life ≥65 y | 1 (reference) | 0.69 (0.47-0.88) | 0.75 (0.54-1.05) | 0.35 (0.17-0.73) | 1.29 (0.71-2.37) | 1.15 (0.75-1.76) | 1.18 (0.68-2.06) | |
| APOE ε4 | APOE ε4 (+) | 1 (reference) | 0.75 (0.52-1.08) | 0.90 (0.61-1.32) | 0.29 (0.11-0.83) | 2.03 (0.98-4.23) | 1.60 (0.94-2.71) | 1.11 (0.58-2.14) |
| APOE ε4 (-) | 1 (reference) | 0.71 (0.44-1.14) | 0.81 (0.48-1.35) | 0.45 (0.16-1.25) | 0.49 (0.17-1.38) | 0.57 (0.28-1.18) | 1.72 (0.65-4.57) | |
| Cognitive status | CN | 1 (reference) | 0.27 (0.03-2.36) | 0.44 (0.05-3.84) | 0.45 (0.00-∞) | 0.10 (0.00-2.42) | 0.20 (0.02-2.13) | 0.44 (0.03-6.94) |
| MCI | 1 (reference) | 0.75 (0.56-1.00) | 0.87 (0.63-1.18) | 0.40 (0.20-0.82) | 1.36 (0.75-2.48) | 1.17 (0.77-1.80) | 1.41 (0.82-2.43) | |
A separate Cox regression model was conducted for each stratum of the covariate
Abbreviations: CN, cognitively normal; MCI, mild cognitive impairment.