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. 2023 Aug 23;14:5139. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-40460-1

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — A S1 RBD (Recovered, closed circle, n = 53, 40% male); Persistent symptoms, open circle, n = 25, 28% male) and B Nucleocapsid antibody (Recovered, closed circle, n = 61, 34% male; Persistent symptoms, open circle, n = 25, 28% male) titers in HCW 12 months after laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. S1 RBD data is plotted for HCW who had received 2 doses of COVID-19 vaccine at the time of the 12-month blood sample. Numbers of HCW with a positive antibody titer are shown at the top of each plot. The proportion of HCW with a high (black), low (grey) or no antibody (white) titer is shown in doughnut plots below. Fifteen Recovered HCW (closed circle, 57% male) and 7 HCW with Persistent symptoms (open circle, 57% male) were assayed for C Neutralizing antibody IC50 against live ancestral (Wuhan Hu-1) SARS-CoV-2 virus and D T cell responses against spike and nucleocapsid mapped epitope peptide pools, 12 months after laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. Numbers of HCW showing a positive neutralizing antibody or T cell response for each assay are shown at the top of each plot. The proportion of HCW in each group with a high (black), low (grey) or no response (white) (as defined in each key) are represented by doughnut plots below. Two-tailed Mann-Whitney U test (Graphpad Prism version 8.0) was used to test for significant differences between Recovered HCW and those reporting Persistent symptoms. Source data are provided as a Source Data file. HCW with serological evidence of a subsequent SARS-CoV-2 re-infection between 6 and 12 months are annotated in green. HCW who reported persistent shortness of breath at 12 months are shown as purple open circles. Error bars shown are geometric mean + 1 geometric SD. Ab antibody, COI cut-off index, HCW health care workers, N nucleocapsid, PBMC peripheral blood mononuclear cells, RBD receptor binding domain, SD standard deviation, SFC spot forming cells, U units.