TABLE 2.
Reported use of any dietary supplement in the past 14 d for NACC participants ≥ 55 y within demographic categories and each year from 2015 to 2019.
| Overall | Overall Supplement n (%) (95% CI) | 2015 n (%) (95% CI) | 2016 n (%) (95% CI) | 2017 n (%) (95% CI) | 2018 n (%) (95% CI) | 2019 n (%) (95% CI) | P value | 2019 vs. 2015 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % difference (95% CI) | P value | |||||||||
| Population | 9357 | 4663 | 1393 | 1152 | 1046 | 1103 | ||||
| Sex | <0.00011 | |||||||||
| Male | 3152 | 2190 (69.5) (67.9, 71.1) |
1165 (72.9) (70.8, 75.1) |
312 (66.7) (62.4, 70.9) |
273 (70.0) (65.4, 74.6) |
206 (61.1) (55.9, 66.3) |
234 (65.0) (60.1, 69.9) |
<0.0001 | -7.9 (-13.3, -2.6) | 0.004 |
| Female | 6205 | 4833 (77.9) (76.9, 78.9) |
2459 (80.2) (78.8, 81.6) |
715 (77.3) (74.6, 80.0) |
574 (75.3) (72.3, 78.4) |
536 (75.6) (72.4, 78.8) |
549 (73.9) (70.7, 77.1) |
0.0002 | -6.3 (-9.8, -2.9) | 0.0003 |
| The age category | <0.00011 | |||||||||
| 55–64 y | 1500 | 968 (64.5) (62.1, 67.0) |
373 (67.5) (63.5, 71.4) |
195 (68.4) (63.0, 73.8) |
130 (61.0) (54.5, 67.6) |
128 (58.7) (52.2, 65.3) |
142 (61.5) (55.2, 67.8) |
0.055 | -6.0 (-13.4, 1.4) | 0.113 |
| 65–74 y | 4154 | 3093 (74.5) (73.1, 75.8) |
1360 (76.1) (74.2, 78.1) |
451 (72.7) (69.2, 76.3) |
473 (74.7) (71.3, 78.1) |
405 (73.8) (70.1, 77.5) |
404 (71.4) (67.6, 75.1) |
0.157 | -4.8 (-9.0. -0.6) | 0.027 |
| 75–84 y | 2750 | 2175 (79.1) (77.6, 80.6) |
1311 (80.8) (78.9, 82.7) |
272 (74.9) (70.5, 79.4) |
215 (81.7) (77.1, 86.4) |
184 (74.8) (69.4, 80.2) |
193 (75.7) (70.4, 81.0) |
0.016 | -5.1 (-10.7, 0.5) | 0.075 |
| ≥ 85 y | 953 | 787 (82.6) (80.2, 85.0) |
580 (82.7) (79.9, 85.5) |
109 (87.2) (81.3, 93.1) |
29 (67.4) (53.4, 81.5) |
25 (75.8) (61.1, 90.4) |
44 (86.3) (76.8, 95.7) |
0.036 | 3.5 (-6.3, 13.4) | 0.482 |
| Race | <0.00011 | |||||||||
| White | 7228 | 5483 (75.9) (74.9, 76.8) |
2931 (78.5) (77.1 ,79.8) |
780 (74.1) (71.4, 76.7) |
641 (74.6) (71.7, 77.5) |
542 (69.8) (66.6, 73.1) |
589 (73.3) (70.2, 76.3) |
<0.0001 | -5.2 (-8.5. -1.9) | 0.002 |
| Black | 1397 | 1013 (72.5) (70.2, 74.9) |
495 (74.4) (71.1 ,77.8) |
145 (74.4) (68.2, 80.5) |
135 (71.8) (65.4, 78.2) |
111 (74.0) (67.0, 81.0) |
127 (63.8) (57.1, 70.5) |
0.053 | -10.6 (-18.1, -3.2) | 0.005 |
| Asian | 294 | 234 (79.6) (75.0, 84.2) |
89 (87.3) (80.8, 93.7) |
47 (72.3) (61.4, 83.2) |
36 (83.7) (72.7, 94.8) |
25 (73.5) (58.7, 88.4) |
37 (74.0) (61.8, 86.2) |
0.092 | -13.3 (-27.0, 0.5) | 0.059 |
| Other2 | 342 | 233 (68.1) (63.2, 73.1) |
97 (69.3) (61.6, 77.0) |
47 (72.3) (61.4, 83.2) |
25 (55.6) (41.0, 70.1) |
43 (75.4) (64.2, 86.7) |
21 (60.0) (43.7, 76.3) |
0.174 | -9.3 (-27.2, 8.7) | 0.310 |
| Missing/Unknown | 96 | 60 (62.5) (52.6, 72.4) |
12 (60.0) (38.1, 81.9) |
8 (72.3) (61.4, 83.2) |
10 (53.3) (27.6, 79.0) |
21 (72.4) (55.9, 89.0) |
9 (60.0) (34.8, 85.2) |
0.746 | 0.0 (-32.8, 32.8) | 1.000 |
| Education | 0.00031 | |||||||||
| Less than HS | 250 | 163 (65.2) (59.3, 71.1) |
80 (70.8) (62.4, 79.2) |
22 (56.4) (40.7, 72.1) |
15 (65.2) (45.6, 84.8) |
23 (56.1) (40.8, 71.4) |
23 (67.6) (51.8, 83.5) |
0.346 | -3.1 (-21.0, 14.7) | 0.729 |
| HS-some college | 2677 | 1976 (73.8) (72.1, 75.5) |
1056 (76.9) (74.6, 79.1) |
301 (72.5) (68.2, 76.8) |
224 (69.6) (64.5, 74.6) |
183 (68.8) (63.2, 74.4) |
212 (70.7) (65.5, 75.8) |
0.005 | -6.2 (-11.8, -0.6) | 0.031 |
| ≥4 y of college | 6385 | 4847 (75.9) (74.9, 77.0) |
2467 (78.3) (76.9, 79.8) |
699 (74.8) (72.1, 77.6) |
604 (75.2) (72.2, 78.2) |
532 (72.5) (69.2, 75.7) |
545 (71.3) (68.1, 74.5) |
<0.0001 | -7.0 (-10.5, -3.5) | <0.0001 |
| Missing/Unknown | 45 | 37 (82.2) (70.6, 93.8) |
21 (80.8) (65.0, 96.5) |
5 (100.0) (100, 100) |
4 (100.0) (100, 100) |
4 (80.0) (43.5, 100.0) |
3 (60.0) (15.3, 100) |
NC3 | -20.8 (-66.3, 24.8) | 0.371 |
HS, high school.
1
P value reflects the association between the variable and total/overall supplement use from 2015-2019.
2
Includes Pacific Islanders, Alaska Natives, American Indians, Native Hawaiians, or multi-racial,
3
Statistical significance was not calculated (NC) due to zero counts for some categories.