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. 2023 Aug 10;10:1211535. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1211535

Table 6.

Cardiometabolic risk factors, concordant versus discordant plant-based index comparisons.

Outcome N hPDI versus PDI statistical significance with outcome hPDI versus uPDI statistical significance with outcome Studies (references)
Favors hPDI* Both same Favors PDI Favors hPDI* Both same Favors uPDI
Hypertension 5 1 4 0 4 1 0 (48, 49, 51, 57, 88)
HDL cholesterol 8 0 8 0 8 6 0 (26, 34, 48, 65, 78, 90, 91, 99)
LDL cholesterol 5 0 5 0 0 4 1 (26, 34, 65, 90, 99)
Lip accumulation product 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 (88)
Metabolic syndrome 5 1 4 0 4 1 0 (19, 47, 48, 66, 76)
Non-HDL 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 (90)
Systolic blood pressure 4 1 3 0 1 3 0 (15, 34, 65, 78)
Diastolic blood pressure 4 2 2 0 1 3 0 (16, 34, 65, 78)
Trimethylamine oxide 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 (40)
Total cholesterol 5 1 4 0 1 4 0 (34, 65, 90, 91, 99)
Total cholesterol/HDL 1 1 1 0 1 1 0 (65, 99)
Triglycerides, high 7 0 7 0 2 5 0 (26, 34, 48, 65, 88, 90, 91)
Triglyceride-glucose index 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 (88)
Triglyceride/HDL 1 (65)
Weight 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 (26)
Waist circumference 4 0 4 0 1 3 0 (34, 78, 91, 99)
Waist, hyper-triglycemic 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 (91)
Glucose, high 5 0 3 1 1 4 0 (26, 34, 48, 65, 78, 88)

HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; PDI, plant-based dietary index; hPDI, healthful PDI; uPDI, unhealthful PDI. *Favors hPDI if hPDI hazard ratio statistical significance for the outcome is more favorable than the comparator (PDI or uPDI): e.g., hPDI significantly favorable and comparator non-significant or unfavorable, or hPDI non-significant and comparator unfavorable. †Both same if hPDI hazard ratio has same relationship to outcome as comparator (both significantly favorable, both non-significant, or both significantly unfavorable). Favors comparator (PDI or uPDI) if hazard ratio statistical significance for the outcome is more favorable than the hPDI: e.g., comparator significantly favorable and hPDI non-significant or unfavorable, or comparator non-significant and hPDI unfavorable.