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Top 10 influential countries investigating biosensor use for food quality monitoring (1991–2021).
| Ranking | Country | TP | TC | RDE |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | China | 91 | 3342 | 2.4 |
| 2nd | United States (US) | 81 | 4247 | 3.5 |
| 3rd | India | 67 | 3352 | 0.8 |
| 4th | Italy | 58 | 2895 | 1.5 |
| 5th | Spain | 37 | 1747 | 1.4 |
| 6th | France | 31 | 1920 | 2.3 |
| 7th | Canada | 29 | 2459 | 1.6 |
| 8th | Germany | 27 | 998 | 3.1 |
| 9th | United Kingdom (UK) | 27 | 2181 | 1.7 |
| 10th | Iran | 26 | 1551 | 0.9 |
TP: total publications, TC: total citations, RDE: research and development expenditures (% of GDP).
