Table 2.
Subgroup analyses of the prevalence of right ventilation dysfunction among different subgroups of patients.
| Baseline |
3 months |
6 months |
over 1 year |
|||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Subgroups | N. of studies | N. of participants | pooled prevalence (95% CI) | I2 (%) | N. of studies | N. of participants | pooled prevalence (95% CI) | I2 (%) | N. of studies | N. of participants | pooled prevalence (95% CI) | I2 (%) | N. of studies | N. of participants | pooled prevalence (95% CI) | I2 (%) |
| Study design | ||||||||||||||||
| RCTs | 1 | 72 | 1 (0.95, 1.0) | – | 3 | 233 | 0.34 (0.14, 0.54) | 92 | 1 | 72 | 0.19 (0.11, 0.30) | – | 1 | 285 | 0.40 (0.35, 0.46) | – |
| Cohort studies | 24 | 2345 | 0.67 (0.58, 0.77) | 99 | 7 | 705 | 0.35 (0.16, 0.53) | 95 | 13 | 1314 | 0.25 (0.15, 0.35) | 93 | 9 | 586 | 0.33 (0.17, 0.49) | 92 |
| Dignostic approach | ||||||||||||||||
| Reported RVD | 14 | 1739 | 0.65 (0.53, 0.77) | 99 | 5 | 752 | 0.28 (0.10, 0.45) | 95 | 8 | 920 | 0.25 (0.13, 0.37) | 93 | 4 | 514 | 0.34 (0.12, 0.55) | 96 |
| Determinate RVD | 10 | 657 | 0.73 (0.56, 0.90) | 98 | 5 | 186 | 0.41 (0.21, 0.62) | 93 | 5 | 445 | 0.34 (0.18, 0.50) | 90 | 6 | 357 | 0.34 (0.13, 0.55) | 94 |
| Risk stratificaton | ||||||||||||||||
| Normotensive | 16 | 1479 | 0.66 (0.55, 0.78) | 99 | 8 | 378 | 0.36 (0.22, 0.49) | 90 | 10 | 1068 | 0.22 (0.11, 0.33) | 93 | 4 | 535 | 0.34 (0.12, 0.56) | 96 |
| Intermediate and high | 3 | 169 | 0.91 (0.80, 1.00) | 98 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 1 | 20 | 0.45 (0.23, 0.68) | – | 2 | 149 | 0.25 (0.00, 0.50) | 89 |
| High | 0 | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 3 | 298 | 0.36 (0.17, 0.56) | 92 | 1 | 20 | 0.70 (0.46, 0.88) | – |
| Unspecified | 6 | 769 | 0.64 (0.42, 0.87) | 99 | 2 | 560 | 0.31 (0.00, 0.82) | 98 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 3 | 167 | 0.29 (0.00, 0.62) | 92 |
| Patient undertaken adequate anticoagulation for 3 to 6 months | 14 | 1285 | 0.71 (0.58, 0.83) | 99 | 5 | 197 | 0.47 (0.34, 0.59) | 70 | 9 | 1013 | 0.18 (0.09, 0.27) | 90 | 4 | 265 | 0.33 (0.11, 0.55) | 91 |
| Patients with first episode of PE | 12 | 655 | 0.76 (0.65, 0.88) | 96 | 4 | 186 | 0.48 (0.34, 0.62) | 76 | 7 | 502 | 0.28 (0.14, 0.42) | 90 | 4 | 170 | 0.47 (0.26, 0.67) | 89 |
| Treatment | ||||||||||||||||
| Anticoagulation | 5 | 380 | 0.79 (0.56, 1.00) | 99 | 3 | 113 | 0.45 (0.17, 0.74) | 92 | 2 | 179 | 0.22 (0.15, 0.28) | 2 | 3 | 257 | 0.24 (0.11, 0.37) | 85 |
| Systemic thrombolysis | 7 | 509 | 0.86 (0.71, 1.00) | 93 | 3 | 324 | 0.25 (0.10, 0.41) | 85 | 2 | 55 | 0.13 (0.04, 0.23) | 6 | 3 | 234 | 0.17 (0.00, 0.44) | 97 |
| Catheter directed thrombolysis | 3 | 244 | 0.83 (0.70, 0.96) | 90 | 1 | 46 | 0.07 (0.01, 0.18) | – | 0 | 0 | – | – | 1 | 43 | 0.07 (0.01, 0.19) | – |
RCT, randomized controlled trial; PE, pulmonary embolism; RVD, right ventricular dysfunction; CI, confidence interval.