Table 1. Participant Characteristics.
| Characteristic | Treatment condition of participantsa | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| All (N = 178) | WET (n = 88) | PE (n = 90) | |
| Sex | |||
| Women | 44 (24.7) | 21 (23.9) | 23 (25.6) |
| Men | 134 (75.3) | 67 (76.1) | 67 (74.4) |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 45.0 (13.7) | 46.2 (52.5) | 43.8 (48.7) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Hispanic or Latino | 19 (10.7) | <10 | 12 (13.3) |
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 159 (89.3) | 81 (92.0) | 78 (86.7) |
| Race | |||
| Black | 37 (20.8) | 20 (22.7) | 17 (18.9) |
| White | 112 (62.9) | 56 (63.6) | 56 (62.2) |
| >1 Race | 11 (6.2) | <10 | <10 |
| Otherb | 18 (10.1) | <10 | 11 (12.2) |
| Index trauma of worst event | |||
| Combat-related | 93 (52.2) | 51 (58.0) | 42 (46.7) |
| Military sexual assault | 26 (14.6) | 11 (12.5) | 15 (16.7) |
| Sudden violent death | 11 (6.2) | <10 | <10 |
| Other (eg, motor vehicle crash, physical assault, nonmilitary sexual assault) | 48 (27.0) | 19 (21.6) | 29 (32.2) |
| Comorbid disorders | |||
| MDD | 95 (53.4) | 50 (56.8) | 45 (50.0) |
| Persistent depressive disorder | 80 (44.9) | 36 (40.9) | 44 (48.9) |
| Generalized anxiety disorder | 36 (20.2) | 16 (18.2) | 20 (22.2) |
| Alcohol use disorder | 34 (19.1) | 19 (21.6) | 15 (16.7) |
| Social anxiety disorder | 24 (13.5) | 15 (17.0) | <10 |
| Panic disorder | 22 (12.4) | 12 (13.6) | 10 (11.1) |
| Specific phobia | 17 (9.6) | <10 | 10 (11.1) |
| OCD | 16 (8.9) | <10 | <10 |
| Agoraphobia | 16 (8.9) | <10 | <10 |
| Bipolar disorder | 10 (5.6) | <10 | <10 |
| Other comorbid disorders | 32 (18.0) | 10 (11.4) | 22 (24.4) |
Abbreviations: MDD, major depressive disorder; OCD, obsessive compulsive disorder; PE, prolonged exposure therapy; WET, written exposure therapy.
a
Unless otherwise indicated, data are expressed as No. (%) of participants; <10 is used where applicable to protect participant identifiability.
b
Includes American Indian or Alaska Native, Asian, and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (some participants did not specify their race when they selected “other”).