TABLE 3.

HSV-1 and cytokine titers in PWF and serum from vehicle- and IL-18-administered BALB/c mice treated with NRS or anti-asialo GM1 antibody 26 h after i.p. inoculation with 10⁴ PFU of HSV-1

In vivo treatment	PWF			Serum
	HSV-1a (log10 PFU/ml)	Antiviral activityb (mIFN-α IU/ml)	IFN-γc (101 pg/ml)	Antiviral activity (mIFN-α IU/ml)	IFN-γ (101 pg/ml)
NRSd + vehiclee	1.7 ± 0.2f	17.6 ± 6.0	<6 ± 0	29.7 ± 13.4	<30 ± 0
AGMh + vehicle	1.8 ± 0.2	14.7 ± 5.5	<6 ± 0	18.3 ± 8.5	<30 ± 0
NRS + IL-18	<0.7 ± 0.0	<1.0 ± 0.0	48 ± 20g	<10.0 ± 0.0	<30 ± 0
AGM + IL-18	<0.7 ± 0.0	<1.0 ± 0.0	<6 ± 0	<10.0 ± 0.0	<52 ± 28

^aHSV-1 was titrated by plaque assay with Vero cells. 

^bAntiviral activity was measured by using VSV and mouse L929 cells and is expressed as the mIFN-α titer. 

^cMeasured by ELISA. 

^dNRS or anti-asialo GM1 antibody was injected i.p. on days 3 and 1 before infection. 

^eOn days 2 and 1 before infection and days 0 and 1 of infection, 1 μg of IL-18 was injected i.p. into each mouse (n = 3 per group), and the mice were sacrificed to prepare PWF and serum 2 h after the final injection with the vehicle or IL-18. 

^fMean ± standard deviation. 

^gSignificantly increased values compared to those of mice treated with anti-asialo GM1 antibody plus IL-18 (P < 0.01). 

^hAGM, anti-asialo GM1 antibody.