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. 2023 Aug 24;131(8):087017. doi: 10.1289/EHP12500

Figure 1.

Figure 1 is a set of eight forest plots. On the top, the four forest plots are titled Birth, plotting Phenols, including 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorophenol, bisphenol A, bisphenol S, Benzophenone-3, Methyl paraben, Propyl paraben, and Triclosan, and Phthalates, including mono-ethyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate, mono carboxyisooctyl phthalate, mono carboxyisononyl phthalate, sum of the of di-n-butyl phthalate metabolites, sum of di-isobutyl phthalate metabolites, and sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (y-axis) across weight (grams), ranging from negative 50 to 50 in increments of 25; fat mass percentage, ranging from negative 0.3 to 0.6 in increments of 0.3; fat mass (grams), ranging from negative 20 to 20 in increments of 10; and lean mass (grams), ranging from negative 50 to 50 in increments of 25 (x-axis). At the bottom, the four forest plots are titled Five months, plotting Phenols, including 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorophenol, bisphenol A, bisphenol S, Benzophenone-3, Methyl paraben, Propyl paraben, and Triclosan, and Phthalates, including mono-ethyl phthalate, mono-benzyl phthalate, mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate, mono carboxyisooctyl phthalate, mono carboxyisononyl phthalate, sum of the of di-n-butyl phthalate metabolites, sum of di-isobutyl phthalate metabolites, and sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites (y-axis) across weight (grams), ranging from negative 120 to 60 in increments of 60; fat mass percentage, ranging from negative 1.0 to 0.5 in increments of 0.5; fat mass (grams), ranging from negative 70 to 35 in increments of 35; and lean mass (grams), ranging from negative 90 to 90 in increments of 45 (x-axis).

Single-pollutant model results [β (95% CI)] per log-unit increase in creatinine-standardized midpregnancy phthalate or phenol biomarker concentration with infant size and body composition at birth and at 5 months of age in the analytic sample (n=438), Healthy Start cohort, 2009–2014. Models were adjusted for age, race and ethnicity, prepregnancy body mass index category, highest education level completed, any previous pregnancies, smoking during pregnancy, gestational age at biological sample collection, infant sex, diet during pregnancy, physical activity during pregnancy, and gestational weight gain. In models for infant outcomes at the 5-month follow-up, we additionally adjusted for infant age. See Tables S5 and S6 for more details. Note: BPA, bisphenol A; BPS, bisphenol S; CI, confidence interval; MBzP, mono-benzyl phthalate; MCNP, mono carboxyisononyl phthalate; MCOP, mono carboxyisooctyl phthalate; MCPP, mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate; MEP, mono-ethyl phthalate; ΣDBP, sum of the of di-n-butyl phthalate metabolites; ΣDEHP, sum of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate metabolites; ΣDiBP, sum of di-isobutyl phthalate metabolites.