Table 2.

Neonatal characteristics and neurologic outcome of subjects with perinatal brain injury

	HIE	Stroke	ICH
Neonatal characteristics	(n = 57)	(n = 18)	(n = 9)
Male, n (%)	30 (53)	9 (50)	6 (67)
Gestational age, w, median (IQR)	39 (38, 40)	38 (38, 40)	39 (39, 40)
Birth weight, kg, median (IQR)	3.2 (3.0, 3.6)	3.3 (3.1, 3.4)	3.5 (2.9, 3.6)
Race, n (%)
White	38 (83)	12 (86)	8 (100)
Black/African American	5 (11)	2 (14)	0
Other	3 (7)	0	0
Unreported	11	4	1
Ethnicity, Hispanic or Latino, n (%)	11 (19)	3 (17)	0
Received therapeutic hypothermia, n (%)	49 (86)	0	0
Clinical or EEG-confirmed neonatal seizures, n (%)	33 (58)	18 (100)	8 (89)
Neonatal seizure burden, min/hr, median (IQR)	0.0 (0.0, 3.1)	1.5 (0.8, 3.6)	3.4 (0.1, 5.5)
Neonatal status epilepticus, n (%)	9 (16)	4 (22)	2 (22)
EEG duration, hr, median (IQR)	74.5 (52.1, 92.0)	57.7 (48.1, 80.5)	83.4 (71.3, 105.5)
Neurodevelopmental testing	(n = 46)	(n = 16)	(n = 7)
Age at testing, m, median (IQR)	20 (18, 22)	18 (18, 20)	19 (18, 22)
Bayley-III Composite Scores, mean ± SD
Cognitive	93.2 ± 17.9	97.7 ± 8.6	96.4 ± 9.9
Language	90.4 ± 18.5	92.5 ± 12.3	92.1 ± 10.1
Motor	92.5 ± 18.6	93.3 ± 12.3	97.4 ± 7.8
Vineland-II Composite Scores, mean ± SD
Adaptive Behavior	90.0 ± 17.6	93.7 ± 10.1	93.0 ± 4.5
Communication	88.7 ± 17.7	93.3 ± 12.3	91.3 ± 6.5
Motor Skills	92.6 ± 24.1	95.3 ± 11.9	97.2 ± 7.3
Post-neonatal outcome, n/total (%)
Post-neonatal seizure(s)	8/56 (14)	4/18 (22)	1/9 (11)
Confirmed SNHL	3/57 (5)	0/18 (0)	0/9 (0)
Suspected or confirmed CVI	3/50 (6)	0/18 (0)	0/8 (0)
Abnormal neurologic outcome	13/42 (31)	4/17 (24)	1/8 (13)

Abbreviations: HIE, hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation; SNHL, sensorineural hearing loss; CVI, cerebral visual impairment