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. 2023 Aug 10;14:1213344. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1213344

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Copyright © 2023 Castleman, Santos, Lesteberg, Maloney, Janssen, Mould, Beckham, Pelanda and Torres

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Enhanced BCR signaling of Unswitched Memory B cells during Severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. (A) Quantification of expression levels of pSYK and pPLCγ2 (gMFI: geometric mean fluorescent intensity) on unswitched or (B) switched memory B cells from healthy controls (HC, N=10), individuals immunized against SARS-CoV-2 (N=15), or individuals with mild (N=10) or severe SARS-CoV-2 infection (N=12) without (-) or with (+) stimulation by 10μg/mL anti-IgG (H+L) F(ab’)2 for 5 min. (C) Representative histograms and quantification comparing levels of pSYK and pPLCγ2 in unswitched and switched memory B cells from severe SARS-CoV-2 infection after stimulation with 10μg/mL anti-IgG (H+L) F(ab’)2 for 5 min. Statistics: One-way ANOVA or paired t test, *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ****p<0.0001.