Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Characteristics/clinical outcomes | Black patients (n = 214) | White patients (n = 1332) | SMD (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years, n (%) | 44.0a | ||
| 40–59 | 19 (8.9) | 38 (2.9) | |
| 60–79 | 145 (67.8) | 746 (56.0) | |
| ≥80 | 50 (23.4) | 548 (41.1) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | 51.5a | ||
| Patients with data | 187 (87.4) | 1214 (91.1) | |
| Single | 41 (21.9) | 99 (8.2) | |
| Married | 107 (57.2) | 952 (78.4) | |
| Divorced/separated | 39 (20.9) | 163 (13.4) | |
| Geographic region, n (%) | 39.5a | ||
| Patients with data | 213 (99.5) | 1325 (99.5) | |
| Midwest | 50 (23.5) | 375 (28.3) | |
| Northeast | 44 (20.7) | 250 (18.9) | |
| South | 112 (52.6) | 549 (41.4) | |
| West | 7 (3.3) | 151 (11.4) | |
| Year of index therapy initiation, n (%) | 22.4a | ||
| 2014 | 22 (10.3) | 94 (7.1) | |
| 2015 | 69 (32.2) | 365 (27.4) | |
| 2016 | 54 (25.2) | 450 (33.8) | |
| 2017 | 63 (29.4) | 383 (28.8) | |
| 2018 | 6 (2.8) | 40 (3.0) | |
| Comorbidities | |||
| CCI, mean (SD) | 0.78 (1.07) | 0.84 (1.11) | –5.4 |
| CCI comorbidities any time before the index date, n (%)b | |||
| Any tumor, including leukemia and lymphoma | 25 (11.7) | 246 (18.5) | –19.1 |
| Diabetes (mild to moderate) | 52 (24.3) | 222 (16.7) | 19.0a |
| Myocardial infarction | 5 (2.3) | 75 (5.6) | –16.9 |
| Rheumatologic heart disease and fever | 0 (0.0) | 10 (0.8) | –12.3 |
| Comorbid conditions of interest any time before the index date, n (%)b | |||
| Hypertension | 129 (60.3) | 685 (51.4) | 17.9a |
| Ischemic heart disease | 3 (1.4) | 67 (5.0) | –20.7 |
| Treatment history, n (%) | |||
| Prostate cancer–specific therapy any time before the index dateb | 211 (98.6) | 1302 (97.7) | 6.4 |
| First-generation antiandrogen therapy any time before the index date | 152 (71.0) | 884 (66.4) | 10.1a |
| Hormone therapy any time before the index date | 203 (94.9) | 1243 (93.3) | 6.5 |
| Radiation therapy | 39 (18.2) | 293 (22.0) | –9.4 |
| Radical prostatectomy | 51 (23.8) | 365 (27.4) | –8.2 |
| Pain management | 79 (36.9) | 396 (29.7) | 15.3a |
| Bone-targeting agents | 76 (35.5) | 606 (45.5) | –20.4 |
| Clinical characteristics | |||
| Site of metastasis | |||
| Undocumented site of metastasis, n (%) | 151 (70.6) | 913 (68.5) | 4.4 |
| Documented site of metastasis, n (%) | 63 (29.4) | 419 (31.5) | |
| Baseline PSA, ng/mL, median (IQR) | 17.6 (4.0–56.4) | 10.5 (3.2–37.7) | 18.0a |
| Testosterone, ng/dL | |||
| Patients with data for testosterone, n (%) | 81 (37.9) | 380 (28.5) | |
| Median, n (IQR) | 26.2 (17.3–43.0) | 20.0 (12.0–31.0) | |
| Patients with testosterone >50 ng/dL, n (%) | 15 (7.0) | 36 (2.7) | |
| Median, n (IQR) | 76.0 (56.0–208.0) | 99.5 (64.5–305.5) | |
CCI Charlson Comorbidity Index, IQR interquartile range, PSA prostate-specific antigen, SMD standardized mean difference.
aSMDs between Black and White men >10% are considered unbalanced. SMDs were analyzed among patients only with available data.
bThe pre-index period includes the enzalutamide index date.