Table 2 The role of m ⁶A in the regulation of age-associated diseases

Diseases	Senescent cells	m 6A-related molecules	Expression	m 6A level	Effects of m 6A on disease through cellular senescence	Ref.
Diabetes	β-cells	METTL3/14	Reduced	Reduced	Regulation of the insulin/IGF1-AKT-PDX1 signalling axis blocks the β-cell cycle and inhibits insulin secretion	[12]
Vascular endothelial cells	METTL3	Reduced	Reduced	Inhibits endothelial cell proliferation, reduces cell viability and migration, leads to vascular endothelial cell senescence, and causes insulin resistance	[120] [121]
AS	VSMCs	YTHDC	Reduced	Reduced	Inhibits smooth muscle proliferation and G1-S phase, leading to vascular smooth muscle cell senescence and promotion of AS development	[122] [123]
Endothelial cells	METTL3	Reduced	Reduced	Promotes the formation of atherosclerotic plaques	[124]
AD	Astrocytes	METTL14	Reduced	Reduced	Prolongs the cell cycle of radial glial cells, causes astrocyte senescence, and promotes the AD development	[125]