Table 2.
Synopsis of histopathology and MRI for the subgroups malformations of cortical development, hippocampal sclerosis, long-term epilepsy-associated tumors (LEAT), vascular malformations, glial scars, and no lesion. The distribution is similar to the neuropathological series of the European Epilepsy Brain Bank consortium including 9523 patients from 12 European countries [44]. Outcome data were available in 86 patients: The percentages of Engel class IA outcome are related to the histopathology findings
| Lesion type | Histopathology | MRI | Outcome/Engel IA (histopathology) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Malformations of cortical development | FCD II: n = 28 | FCD and mMCD: n = 38 | 17/23 (74%) |
| mMCD: n = 6 | 2/5 (40%) | ||
| Hippocampal sclerosis | Isolated HS: n = 14 | n = 17 | 5/8 (63%) |
| HS with anterior temporal lobe abnormalities (gray white matter blurring, FCD IIa, FCD IIIa, mMCD): n = 16 | n = 14 | 9/11 (82%) | |
| No hippocampal sclerosis/gliosis only: n = 3 | n = 0 | 3/3 (100%) | |
| LEAT | Ganglioglioma: n = 14 | n = 15 | 6/8 (75%) |
| DNT: n = 5 | n = 5 | 3/3 (100%) | |
| PXA: n = 2 | n = 2 | 0 | |
| PLNTY: n = 1 | n = 0 | 0 | |
| Vascular malformations | Cavernoma: n = 6 | n = 6 | 5/6 (83%) |
| Glial scars | Scar: n = 6 | n = 7 | 4/5 (80%) |
| No lesion | Negative: n = 15 |
Negative: n = 8 temporal lobe meningo-encephaloceles: n = 4 |
7/14 (50%) |
FCD focal cortical dysplasia, mMCD mild malformation of cortical development, HS hippocampal sclerosis, DNT dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor, PXA pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma, PLNTY polymorphous low grade neuroepitheilai tumor of the young