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. 2023 Feb 7;106(1):00368504231152742. doi: 10.1177/00368504231152742

Table 10.

Regression results of influencing factors for technological progress change in the Yellow River basin.

Variable Dynamic SDM（W1） Dynamic SDM（W2） Static SDM（W1） Static SDM（W2）
L1_MILTC 0.376***
(0.095)		 0.491***
(0.106)		 / /
FD 0.167***
(0.051)		 0.263**
(0.121)		 0.543**
(0.257)		 0.365**
(0.181)
ER −0.115
(0.142)		 −0.074*
(0.040)		 −0.155**
(0.073)		 −0.083
(0.114)
IND 0.026*
(0.014)		 0.031**
(0.013)		 0.035
(0.105)		 0.048*
(0.025)
FIN 0.147***
(0.032)		 0.162**
(0.074)		 0.155**
(0.071)		 0.176*
(0.094)
URB 0.023
(0.015)		 0.034*
(0.018)		 0.033
(0.021)		 0.045**
(0.022)
OPEN 0.040
(0.035)		 0.057.
(0.044)		 0.051
(0.040)		 0.069*
(0.038)
RD 0.349***
(0.073)		 0.310*
(0.171)		 0.405**
(0.193)		 0.486**
(0.232)
POP −0.017
(0.105)		 −0.052
(0.194)		 −0.028*
(0.114)		 −0.076
(0.205)
W  ×  L1_MILTC 0.134***
(0.037)		 0.175**
(0.080)		 / /
W  ×  FD −0.093***
(0.027)		 −0.064**
(0.029)		 −0.104
(0.070)		 −0.128*
(0.075)
W  ×  ER 0.098*
(0.054)		 0.076*
(0.043)		 0.101
(0.068)		 0.122*
(0.068)
W  ×  IND 0.010**
(0.005)		 0.003*
(0.002)		 0.107
(0.091)		 0.042*
(0.026)
W  ×  FIN 0.011
(0.010)		 0.017
(0.015)		 0.008
(0.011)		 0.010
(0.016)
W  ×  URB 0.127
(0.101)		 0.144*
(0.081)		 0.155**
(0.074)		 0.169*
(0.095)
W  ×  OPEN 0.019
(0.013)		 0.036**
(0.017)		 0.104
(0.115)		 0.128*
(0.072)
W  ×  RD 0.102*
(0.059)		 0.178**
(0.080)		 0.155*
(0.088)		 0.211**
(0.095)
W  ×  POP −0.223
(0.201)		 −0.164
(0.107)		 −0.304*
(0.172)		 −0.254
(0.170)
ρ 0.203**
(0.088)		 0.312**
(0.140)		 0.198**
(0.087)		 0.326***
(0.079)
Adj.R2 0.558 0.512 0.476 0.440
Sigma2_e 6.245***
(1.821)		 6.703***
(1.833)		 6.224***
(1.669)		 6.530***
(1.732)
Obs 1248 1248 1248 1248
Diagnostic test Value
Hausman test 28.177***
AR (1) −4.554***
AR (2) −1.008
Sargan 17.503

Notes: *, * * and * * * are significant at 10%, 5% and 1% levels, respectively. Standard errors are shown in parentheses.

ER: environmental regulation; FD: fiscal decentralisation; FIN: financial development; IND: industrial structure; FIN: financial development; MILTC: MIL productivity index to decompose into ecological efficiency change and technological progress change; POP: population density; SDM: spatial Durbin model; RD: research and development; URB: urbanisation level.