Table 7.
Regression results of influencing factors for ecological total factor productivity in the Yellow River basin.
| Variable | Dynamic SDM（W1） | Dynamic SDM（W2） | Static SDM（W1） | Static SDM（W2） |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| L1_MIL | 0.347*** (0.077) |
0.479*** (0.067) |
/ | / |
| FD | 0.172*** (0.049) |
0.254*** (0.055) |
0.505*** (0.145) |
0.397** (0.172) |
| ER | −0.191** (0.086) |
−0.143** (0.056) |
−0.127* (0.070) |
−0.080 (0.114) |
| IND | 0.017*** (0.005) |
0.020** (0.008) |
0.029*** (0.005) |
0.030*** (0.011) |
| FIN | 0.038*** (0.007) |
0.042*** (0.016) |
0.052*** (0.018) |
0.069* (0.036) |
| URB | 0.033** (0.015) |
0.024** (0.011) |
0.063*** (0.011) |
0.055*** (0.017) |
| OPEN | −0.012 (0.013) |
−0.016 (0.012) |
−0.021 (0.013) |
−0.019* (0.010) |
| RD | 0.270*** (0.056) |
0.295** (0.124) |
0.360*** (0.081) |
0.427** (0.184) |
| POP | −0.438 (0.439) |
−0.446 (0.377) |
−0.669* (0.371) |
−0.622 (0.653) |
| W × L1_MIL | 0.069** (0.027) |
0.125* (0.065) |
/ | / |
| W × FD | −0.102*** (0.030) |
−0.022 (0.015) |
−0.156 (0.169) |
−0.191* (0.102) |
| W × ER | 0.121* (0.062) |
0.067*** (0.018) |
0.095*** (0.033) |
0.118** (0.046) |
| W × IND | 0.012** (0.005) |
0.007* (0.004) |
0.245* (0.123) |
0.010*** (0.002) |
| W × FIN | 0.016 (0.012) |
0.026 (0.029) |
0.015 (0.025) |
0.012 (0.014) |
| W × URB | 0.015** (0.007) |
0.011** (0.005) |
0.148** (0.075) |
0.157* (0.083) |
| W × OPEN | −0.027*** (0.004) |
−0.069*** (0.024) |
−0.211*** (0.035) |
−0.278* (0.146) |
| W × RD | 0.137* (0.071) |
0.211*** (0.049) |
0.194* (0.108) |
0.213** (0.101) |
| W × POP | −0.237 (0.162) |
−0.064 (0.081) |
−0.446 (0.458) |
−0.401 (0.408) |
| ρ | 0.197** (0.081) |
0.610*** (0.156) |
0.175** (0.074) |
0.438*** (0.168) |
| Adj.R2 | 0.542 | 0.505 | 0.451 | 0.460 |
| Sigma2_e | 6.370*** (1.622) |
6.965*** (1.831) |
6.119*** (1.447) |
6.505*** (1.601) |
| Obs | 1248 | 1248 | 1248 | 1248 |
| Diagnostic test | Value | |||
| Hausman test | 43.245*** | |||
| AR (1) | −3.211*** | |||
| AR (2) | −1.181 | |||
| Sargan | 23.916 | |||
Notes: *, * * and * * * are significant at 10%, 5% and 1% levels, respectively. Standard errors are shown in parentheses.
ER: environmental regulation; FD: fiscal decentralisation; FIN: financial development; IND: industrial structure; FIN: financial development; MIL: modified input-oriented Luenberger productivity index; OPEN: opening level; POP: population density; SDM: spatial Durbin model; RD: research and development; URB: urbanisation level.