Table 9.
Regression results of influencing factors for ecological efficiency change in the Yellow River basin.
| Variable | Dynamic SDM（W1） | Dynamic SDM（W2） | Static SDM（W1） | Static SDM（W2） | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| L1_MILEC | 0.135*** (0.034) |
0.218** (0.102) |
/ | / | |
| FD | 0.052* (0.029) |
0.104* (0.057) |
0.055 (0.035) |
0.118** (0.055) |
|
| ER | 0.225** (0.102) |
0.163* (0.086) |
0.184 (0.123) |
0.142** (0.063) |
|
| IND | 0.014* (0.008) |
0.032 (0.020) |
0.008* (0.005) |
0.029 (0.021) |
|
| FIN | 0068** (0.032) |
0.102** (0.046) |
0.044* (0.024) |
0.079 (0.056) |
|
| URB | 0.033 (0.031) |
0.054 (0.043) |
0.103 (0.142) |
0.115* (0.150) |
|
| OPEN | −0.069 (0.053) |
−0.106 (0.076) |
−0.118 (0.113) |
−0.096 (0.081) |
|
| RD | 0.011 (0.009) |
0.025** (0.012) |
0.030 (0.022) |
0.057** (0.027) |
|
| POP | −0.221 (0.148) |
−0.136 (0.088) |
−0.146* (0.081) |
−0.089* (0.050) |
|
| W × L1_MILEC | 0.032* (0.059) |
0.063* (0.077) |
/ | / | |
| W × FD | −0.039** (0.018) |
−0.018* (0.010) |
−0.055* (0.032) |
−0.102* (0.057) |
|
| W × ER | 0.023 (0.016) |
0.012* (0.006) |
−0.044 (0.036) |
0.086* (0.048) |
|
| W × IND | 0.025** (0.012) |
0.011* (0.006) |
0.058* (0.033) |
0.029 (0.019) |
|
| W × FIN | 0.044 (0.039) |
0.019 (0.017) |
0.011 (0.008) |
0.006** (0.003) |
|
| W × URB | 0.047 (0.035) |
0.032 (0.029) |
0.086* (0.046) |
0.053 (0.036) |
|
| W × OPEN | −0.264 (0.171) |
−0.170** (0.075) |
−0.282 (0.194) |
−0.355 (0.240) |
|
| W × RD | 0.068* (0.037) |
0.154 (0.103) |
0.148* (0.086) |
0.210 (0.173) |
|
| W × POP | −0.125 (0.094) |
−0.078 (0.062) |
−0.113* (0.066) |
−0.086 (0.069) |
|
| ρ | 0.101* (0.055) |
0.210** (0.098) |
0.137** (0.062) |
0.279** (0.130) |
|
| Adj.R2 | 0.497 | 0.455 | 0.423 | 0.474 | |
| Sigma2_e | 5.786*** (1.272) |
5.962*** (1.366) |
5.248*** (1.254) |
5.611*** (1.368) |
|
| Obs | 1248 | 1248 | 1248 | 1248 | |
| Diagnostic test | Value | ||||
| Hausman test | 23.271*** | ||||
| AR (1) | −5.806*** | ||||
| AR (2) | −1.251 | ||||
| Sargan | 21.916 | ||||
Notes: *, * * and * * * are significant at 10%, 5% and 1% levels, respectively. Standard errors are shown in parentheses.
ER: environmental regulation; FD: fiscal decentralisation; FIN: financial development; IND: industrial structure; FIN: financial development; MILEC: MIL productivity index to decompose into ecological efficiency change; OPEN: opening level; POP: population density; SDM: spatial Durbin model; RD: research and development; URB: urbanisation level.