Table 2.
Cox proportional hazards model for time to lipid lowering medication initiation with Sandwich variance estimate
| Persistent exposure required |
Persistent exposure not required‡ | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| Primary analysis 14-day gaps allowed* | Sensitivity analysis 90-day gaps allowed† | ||
| Patients | 3814 | 3814 | 3871 |
| Events (initiation of lipid | 689 | 1047 | 1907 |
| lowering medications) | |||
| Censored | 3125 | 2767 | 1964 |
| Time at risk (years) | 2048.4 | 3215.5 | 7798.1 |
| Adjusted HR (95%CI) | Adjusted HR (95%CI) | Adjusted HR (95%CI) | |
|
| |||
| Metformin | Referent | ||
| Sulfonylurea | 1.03 (0.87, 1.23) | 0.96 (0.83, 1.10) | 0.95 (0.86, 1.06) |
| Combination of metformin + sulfonylurea | 1.18 (0.85, 1.65) | 1.03 (0.78, 1.36) | 1.10 (0.90, 1.35) |
| Age | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) | 0.99 (0.98, 1.00) | 0.99 (0.99, 1.00) |
| History of CVD | 1.40 (1.10, 1.78) | 1.18 (0.95, 1.46) | 1.10 (0.95, 1.28) |
| Year of index date (%) | |||
| 2001 | Referent | ||
| 2002 | 1.35 (0.97, 1.88) | 1.49 (1.16, 1.91) | 1.14 (0.97, 1.35) |
| 2003 | 1.56 (1.12, 2.19) | 1.58 (1.22, 2.05) | 1.19 (1.00, 1.41) |
| 2004 | 1.93 (1.43, 2.69) | 1.85 (1.45, 2.35) | 1.37 (1.17, 1.61) |
| 2005 | 2.32 (1.68, 3.20) | 2.25 (1.75, 2.89) | 1.63 (1.37, 1.94) |
| 2006 | 2.47 (1.78, 3.43) | 2.33 (1.79, 3.02) | 1.72 (1.43, 2.07) |
| 2007 | 2.28 (1.58, 3.31) | 2.37 (1.74, 3.23) | 1.58 (1.23, 2.02) |
Primary analysis considers patients persistent on incident regimen until they do not have OAD medications for 14 days. Adjusted for age, sex, race, year of index date, use of medications known to affect lipids (corticosteroids, thyroid hormone, antiepileptics, thiazide diuretics), baseline HbA1c, BMI (third-degree polynomial), total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, history of cardiovascular disease, baseline number of medications (third-degree polynomial), number of outpatient visits, history of hospitalization at baseline.
Sensitivity analysis considers patient persistent on incident regimen until they do not have OAD medications for 90 days. Adjusted for age, sex, race, year of index date, use of medications known to affect lipids (corticosteroids, thyroid hormone, antiepileptics, thiazide diuretics), baseline HbA1c, BMI (third-degree polynomial), total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, history of cardiovascular disease, baseline number of medications (third-degree polynomial), number of outpatient visits, history of hospitalization at baseline.
Persistent exposure not required analysis in which patients remain in their exposure group, regardless of persistence on drug therapy, until outcome or end of the study. Analysis adjusted for age, sex, race, year of index date, use of medications known to affect lipids (corticosteroids, thyroid hormone, antiepileptics, thiazide diuretics), baseline HbA1c, BMI (third-degree polynomial), total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, history of cardiovascular disease, baseline number of medications (third-degree polynomial), number of outpatient visits, history of hospitalization at baseline.