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. 2023 Aug 10;12(8):1592. doi: 10.3390/antiox12081592

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Heart mitochondrial bioenergetics. (A) Levels of the Krebs cycle intermediates 2-oxoglutarate and succinate and activity of 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase (2-OGDH) in heart homogenates. (B) The activity of respiratory complexes in isolated mitochondria from the heart: Complex I (CI), Complex II (CII), Complex III (CIII), Complex IV (CIV). (C) ATP synthase activity using PMG = pyruvate, malate, and glutamate and S + R = succinate plus rotenone as a substrate. Data are mean ± SEM, n = 5–6. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001. FA = folic acid, NAC = N-acetyl-cysteine.