Table 3.

Future antimicrobial agents with activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative microorganisms.

Antimicrobial Agents	Class	Mechanism of Actions	Susceptibility
Ceftaroline-avibactam		Inhibitors of serine-β-lactamases
Imipenem-cilastatin-relebactam (formally MK-7655)	Serine lactamase inhibitor reversible, covalent non-β-lactam, β-lactamase inhibitor	Inhibitors of serine-β-lactamases	CP-EnB
Eravacycline	A novel synthetic fluorocycline	With a potency two to four times greater than tigecycline	CRE
Aztreonam WCK4234 Ceftazidime + WO2013/030735 meropenem WCK 5153 Aztreonam + FPI-1465 Ceftazidime	Diazabicyclooctanones + (monobactam or ceftazidime or meropenem)		Oxacillinase-producing strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. Antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli ESBLs and class A, B, and D carbapenemases.
Meropenem + CB618.40/CB-618	Diazabicyclooctanones + meropenem		Enterobacteriaceae expressing the KPC-2, KPC-3, FOX-5, OXA-48, SHV-11, SHV-27, and/or TEM-1 β-lactamases
Meropenem-RPX700 Biapenem-RPX7009	Boronic acid β-lactamases inhibitor + carbapenems		Many class A and C serine-β-lactamases
Benzo(b)thiophene-2-boronic acid	Boronic acid β-lactamases inhibitor + ceftazidime		Many class A and C serine-β-lactamases
Cefepime + AA1101	Cefepime + novel sulfones/clavam
Imipenem + MG96077	Phosphonates + imipenem		Reducing >90% of the MICs of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae at 4 mg/L resistant to imipenem.
Imipenem + MK-8712 Aztreonam + siderophore-monobactam Meropenem Ceftazidime + Syn2190 Cefpirome	Carbapenems + monobactams		Circumvent certain β-lactamases inhibit certain AmpC β-lactamase activity against Acinetobacter spp., which include those with some blaOXAs, P. aeruginosa, Burkholderia spp., and Enterobacteriaceae lower MIC values to the susceptible range against P. aeruginosa demonstrated activity in mouse systemic and urinary tract infection models using P. aeruginosa
S-649266 3′-thiobenzoyl-cephalosporin FSI-1671 and FSI-1686	Novel siderophore cephalosporin Novel 3′-thiobenzoyl-cephalosporin + meropenem Novel carbapenems		A novel catechol-substituted siderophore cephalosporin demonstrated activity against P. aeruginosa, S. maltophilia, K. pneumoniae, and A. baumannii Combined with meropenem, may have activity against P. aeruginosa, S. maltophilia, and Chryseobacterium meningosepticum demonstrated inhibitory activity against class A, B, C, and D β-lactamases. Active against MDR Acinetobacter baumannii, Enterobacteriaceae, and some Pseudomonas aeruginosa active against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Bisthiazolidine ME 1071 (a maleic acid) Biapenem-ME1071	Metallo-β-lactamase-specific inhibitors		Active against Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Providencia rettgeri producing blaNDM-1. The combination with ceftazidime increased its susceptibility to Pseudomonas aeruginosa expressing blaIMP and blaVIM. Decreased MICs for Enterobacteriaceae with blaIMP and blaVIM, but not blaNDM.