Figure 1.

Reasoned-empirical antibiotic therapy flowchart in the case of post-OLT early abdominal infections. Suggested antibiotics can be considered in patients with no antibiotic allergies. If a Difficult-to-Treat (DTR) P. aeruginosa infection is suspected, avoid piperacillin/tazobactam and anti-pseudomonas cephalosporin, and prefer ceftolozane/tazobactam plus metronidazole or ceftazidime/avibactam plus metronidazole. * Colonization should be routinely tested with nasal swab for MRSA and rectal swab for ESBL and CRE. ** If the presence of Enterococcus spp. is suspected or confirmed, consider the use of imipenem for its anti-enterococcal activity. *** Considered only if the tested isolate shows a favorable MIC.