Table 1.
A list of compounds that target mitochondria to modulate matrix volume.
| Name | Mechanism of Action | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| mPTP inhibitors | ||
| Cyclosporin A | Inhibits CypD-ANT interaction and blocks mPTP opening | [105,106] |
| Sanglifehrin A | Inhibits CypD activity and CypD-ANT/PiC interaction, and blocks mPTP opening | [105,106,107] |
| N-methyl-4-isoleucine-cyclosporin (NIM811) | Inhibits CypD activity, and blocks mPTP opening; has no immunosuppressive activity | [108,109] |
| Bongkrekic acid | Inhibits ANT and prevents mPTP opening | [110] |
| Alisporivir (Debio-025) | Inhibits CypD activity, and blocks mPTP opening; has no immunosuppressive activity | [111] |
| Mitochondrial Ca2+ channel inhibitors | ||
| Ru360 and Ru265 | MCU inhibitors, prevent mitochondrial Ca2+ overload | [112,113] |
| Mitochondrial K+ channel modulators | ||
| Diazoxide | mKATP opener, which increases K+ efflux from the matrix into the IMS leading to IMM hyperpolarization | [114,115] |
| Gibenclamide | mKATP opener channels, which leads to depolarization of the cells and insulin secretion | [116] |
| 5-Hydroxydecanoate | mKATP inhibitor | [117] |
| NS11021 and NS1619 | mBKCa activators | [118] |
| Paxilline and Iberiotoxin | mBKCa inhibitors | [119,120] |
| DCEBIO | An activator of intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (IKCa1/KCa3.1) | [121] |
| Retigabine and Flupirtine | Kv7.2–7.5 (KCNQ2–5) openers | [122,123] |
| XE991 | Kv7 (KCNQ) channel blocker | [124] |