FIG. 1.

Different dose-response experiments for IL-1β assay. THP-1 cells (10⁶/ml) were treated with different doses of GM-CSF for 24 h, PMA for 12 h, F. nucleatum LPS for 8 h, and P. gingivalis LPS for 8 h, and supernatant fluids were tested for IL-1β. A GM-CSF concentration (concn) of 50 IU/ml was chosen for future experimentation. A PMA concentration of 10⁻⁸ mol/ml was chosen as optimal. One microgram of F. nucleatum or P. gingivalis LPS was used for IL-1β stimulation.