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. 2023 Aug 9;12(8):1105. doi: 10.3390/biology12081105

Figure 1.

Figure 1

DMSO acutely inhibits bile acid (BA) synthase gene expression and reduces cellular BAs. (A) Expression of Cyp7a1, Hsd3b7, Cyp8b1, Cyp27a1, and Cyp7b1 in primary hepatocytes treated with 0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% (v/v) DMSO for 12 h. (B) Total BA levels in hepatocytes treated with 1% DMSO for 24 h. For panels (A,B), n = 6 for each group. (C) Heatmap of changes in cellular signaling pathways detected by a reverse-phase protein array (RPPA) in primary hepatocytes treated with 1% (v/v) DMSO for 10 min or 30 min. Protein intensities are displayed as colors ranging from green to red as shown in the key. All data are mean ± SEM; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, relative to the control group.