ETR	erythematotelangiectatic rosacea
PPR	papulopustular rosacea
PhR	phymatous rosacea
OR	ocular rosacea
TLRs	Toll-like receptors
KCs	keratinocytes
PAMPs	pathogen-associated molecular patterns
DAMPs	damage-associated molecular patterns
MCs	mast cells
NF-κB	nuclear factor-kappa B
TNF	tumor necrosis factor
IL	interleukin
AhR	arylhydrocarbon receptor
CCL	chemokine (C-C motif) ligand
KLK5	kallikrein 5
JAK	janus kinase
STAT	signal transducer and activator of transcription
mTORC1	mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1
MMP9	matrix metalloproteinase 9
NLRP3	NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3
PRRs	pattern recognition receptors
NPs	neuropeptides
MRGPRX2	Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor member X2
VEGF	vascular endothelial growth factor
NO	nitric oxide
ROS	reactive oxygen species
ADAMDEC1	ADAM-like Decysin-1
GBP5	guanylate-binding protein 5
NEAT1	nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1
FPR1	formyl peptide receptor 1
EGFR	epidermal growth factor receptors
FGF	fibroblast growth factor
UV	ultraviolet
TRP	transient receptor potential
PACAP	pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide
SP	substance P
VIP	vasoactive intestinal peptide
CGRP	calcitonin gene-related peptide
5-HT	serotonin
PAR2	protease-activated receptor 2
TEWL	transepidermal water loss
CLDNs	claudins
SIBO	small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
CXCL	C-X-C motif chemokine ligand
GPBAR1	G protein-coupled bile acid receptor 1
TSLP	thymic stromal lymphopoietin
GST	glutathione S-transferase
HLA	human leukocyte antigen
TACR3	tachykinin 3 receptor
VDR	vitamin D receptor
ER	endoplasmic reticulum
S1P	sphingosine-1-phosphate
HPA	hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal
FDA	Food and Drug Administration
IGA	Investigator Global Assessment
CEA	Clinician Erythema Assessment
PSA	patient self-assessment
IPL	intense pulsed light
Nd:YAG	neodymium: yttrium–aluminum–garnet laser
PDL	pulsed dye laser
KTP	potassium titanyl phosphate laser
PDT	photodynamic therapy
siRNA	small RNA interference