Table 1.
Characteristics of the selected studies.
| Author, Year | Type of Study | n. of Patients | Fluorophore | Control Group | Fluorescence Rate | GTR Rate | Notes | Histology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Widhalm, 2010 [30] |
prospective | 8 | 5-ALA | no | 0% | 82% | yes | |
| Tsugu, 2011 [31] | retrospective | 6 | 5-ALA | no | 0% | 47% | with intraop MRI | no |
| Ewelt, [33] 2011 | prospective | 13 | 5-ALA | no | 8% | 100% | yes | |
| Widhalm, 2013 [32] | prospective | 33 | 5-ALA | no | 12% | 64% | yes | |
| Marbacher, 2014 [38] | retrospective | 20 | 5-ALA | no | 40% | not reported | 12/17 biopsies | yes |
| Valdes, 2015 [48] | prospective | 12 | 5-ALA | no | 42% | not reported | yes | |
| Jaber, 2016 [24] | prospective | 82 | 5-ALA | no | 16% | not reported | yes | |
| Chan, 2017 [41] | retrospective | 3 | 5-ALA | no | 100% | 56% | no | |
| Saito, 2017 [34] | prospective | 8 | 5-ALA | no | 25% | not reported | yes | |
| Schebesch, 2018 [40] | prospective | 2 | 5-ALA | no | 100% | not reported | yes | |
| Goryaynov, 2019 [50] | prospective | 27 | 5-ALA | no | 52% | not reported | yes | |
| Widhalm, 2019 [49] | prospective | 8 | 5-ALA | no | 0% | not reported | yes | |
| Jaber, 2019 [37] | retrospective | 74 | 5-ALA | no | 22% | 32% | yes | |
| Hosmann, 2021 [35] | retrospective | 55 | 5-ALA | no | 12% | 49% | yes | |
| Kaneko, 2021 [39] | retrospective | 21 | 5-ALA | no | 36% | n.a. | biopsies | yes |
| Hosmann, 2022 [36] | retrospective | 86 | 5-ALA | no | 15% | 57% | yes | |
| Chen, 2012 [44] | randomized controlled trial | 5 | SF | yes | 75% | 80% (33% in control group) | High dose (15–20 mg/kg) | yes |
| Schebesch, 2018 [40] | case series | 2 | SF | no | 100% | not reported | yes | |
| Xiang, 2018 [43] | prospective | 5 | SF | no | 0% | 74% | yes | |
| Nevzati, 2020 [42] | retrospective | 4 | SF | no | 0% | n.a. | stereotactic biopsies | yes |
| Haglund, 1996 [45] | case control | 2 | ICG | yes | 100% | not reported | ICG before resection | yes |
| Lee, 2016 [46] | prospective | 4 | ICG | no | 50% | 25% | ICG second window | yes |
| Patil, 2019 [47] | prospective | 8 | BLZ-100 | no | 25 | not reported | yes |