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. 2023 Aug 5;123(16):9982–10078. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00139

Table 4. Engineering Strategies for Enhancing Transparency and Their Corresponding Optical and Electrical Characteristics.

engineering strategy materials transparency (visible range) electrical properties FoM ref
Ultrathin Film Deposition
PVD ultrathin metal 88.40% sheet resistance: 18.6 Ω sq–1   (79)
PVD rGO 97% resistivity: 30.3 mΩ cm   (490)
CVD graphene 84% sheet resistance: 600 Ω sq–1   (182)
CVD MoS2 89.2% mobility: 0.07 cm2 V–1s–1 @ RT   (407)
ALD Pt doping on graphene 93.40% sheet resistance: 86.8 Ω sq–1   (491)
          
transfer ultrathin film transfer 85% mobility: 0.1 cm2 V–1 s–1   (492)
      sheet resistance: 100 Ω sq–1    
Random Percolation Networks
spin-coating AgNW 90.70% sheet resistance: 8.6 Ω sq–1 σdcop: 600 (493)
spin-coating CNT 71% sheet resistance: 59 Ω sq–1 σdcop: 17 (494)
spin-coating PEDOT:PSS 96.10% conductivity: 2084 S cm–1 σdcop: 185.2 (495)
spray coating PEDOT:PSS 90% conductivity: 936 S cm–1 σdcop: 39 (496)
spray coating AgNW 90% sheet resistance: 47 Ω sq–1 σdcop: 415 (497)
spray coating graphene, PEDOT:PSS 90% sheet resistance: 1200 Ω sq–1   (286)
vacuum filtration transfer AuNW 83% sheet resistance: 49 Ω sq–1 σdcop: 54 (498)
electrospinning metal nanotrough 90% sheet resistance: 2 Ω sq–1   (499)
electrospinning Cu 90% sheet resistance: 50 Ω sq–1 T10/Rs: 11 × 10–3 Ω–1 (500)
Grid Patterning
nanoimprinting AuNW 92%, pattern resolution: 250 nm sheet resistance: 227 Ω sq–1   (501)
nanoimprinting Ni 75%, pattern resolution: 4 μm sheet resistance: 0.036 Ω sq–1 σdcop: 3.4 × 104 (502)
nanoimprinting Metal 83.1%, pattern resolution: 210 nm sheet resistance: 9.8 Ω sq–1 σdcop: 198.3 (503)
nanoimprinting Ag 91.10% sheet resistance: 8.2 Ω sq–1 σdcop: 350–1000 (504)
laser ablation Cu 83% sheet resistance: 17.48 Ω sq–1 σdcop: 109.74 (505)
laser sintering AgNP 91%, pattern resolution: 12 μm sheet resistance: 22 Ω sq–1   (27)
laser sintering AgNP 85%, pattern resolution: 20 μm     (506)
inkjet AgNP 78.2%, pattern resolution: 10 μm sheet resistance ∼3.8 Ω sq–1   (507)
inkjet AgNP 85%, pattern resolution: 1.6 μm resistivity: 1.67 × 10–6 Ω m   (508)