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. 2023 Aug 15;45(8):6775–6789. doi: 10.3390/cimb45080428

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Effects of MMMM on memory impairment in the in vivo AD model. (A) The 5XFAD mice were treated with MMMM (30 mg/kg/day) for 8 weeks and underwent the indicated experiments in accordance with desired protocols. Using Y-MT, the extents of (B) total arm entries and (C) spontaneous alteration in mice groups administered with different treatments were obtained. Using PAT, (D) step-through latencies of mice groups administered with different treatments were quantified. In all graphs, * p < 0.05 and ** p < 0.01 vs. WT; ^# p < 0.05 vs. Tg. Data are represented as the mean ± standard deviation. p.o, per oral; Y-MT, Y-maze test; PAT, passive avoidance test; Thio-S, Thioflavin S; IHC, immunohistochemistry. N.S; no significance.