Figure 6.

Anti-inflammatory effects of the serotonin receptor or transient receptor potential channel ligand exposure on COX-2 protein expression in human small intestine epithelial cells. Normalized relative densitometry is presented as a ratio of COX-2 to GAPDH for cells exposed to (A) psilocybin, (B) 4-AcO-DMT, (C) ketanserin, (D) capsaicin, (E) curcumin, and (F) eugenol. Cells were exposed to the TNF-α and IFN-γ to induce inflammatory response The original membranes can be seen in the Supplementary Materials. Data were analyzed with an ANOVA followed by a Dunnett’s post hoc multiple comparison test compared to the TNF-α/IFN-γ group. Bars represent the mean ± SD, n = 3. Significance is indicated using the following scale: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001.