Table 3.
Baseline characteristics and biochemical parameters according to HOMA-IR.
| Variables | Total Population | Low HOMA-IR | High HOMA-IR | Low vs. High HOMA-IR (p Value) $ |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (Male) | 37 (22) | 18 (10) | 19 (12) | 0.6378 |
| Healthy controls | 15 | 12 (80%) | 3 (20%) | |
| NAFL | 10 | 5 (50%) | 5 (50%) | |
| NASH | 12 | 0 | 12 (100%) | |
| Age (years) | 54.0 (46.0–60.0) | 53.0 (44.0–58.2) | 56.0 (52.0–62.5) | 0.1318 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 29.3 (24.9–31.8) | 25.3 (24.2–29.0) | 31.8 (29.4–34.4) | 0.0003 ** |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 100 (95.0–112) | 95.0 (85.0–99.0) | 112 (102–119) | 0.0002 ** |
| HOMA-IR | 3.50 (1.90–6.20) | 1.80 (0.92–2.28) | 6.20 (4.65–8.95) | <0.0001 ** |
| T2DM | 13 (35.1%) | 4 (22.2%) | 9 (47.4%) | 0.1093 |
| Arterial hypertension | 12 (32.4%) | 3 (16.7%) | 9 (47.4% | 0.0462 * |
| Metabolic syndrome | 20 (54.1%) | 2 (11.1%) | 18 (94.7%) | <0.0001 ** |
| ALT (U/L) | 28.0 (22.0–51.0) | 21.5 (16.0–27.5) | 44.0 (29.0–80.5) | 0.0002 ** |
| AST (U/L) | 27.0 (20.0–39.0) | 20.0 (18.0–26.8) | 36.0 (27.0–49.5) | 0.0002 ** |
| GGT (U/L) | 23.0 (13.0–54.0) | 15.0 (11.2–20.8) | 51.0 (28.0–94.0) | 0.0003 ** |
| ALP (U/L) | 72.0 (55.0–93.0) | 58.5 (53.2–69.8) | 93.0 (74.5–108) | 0.0013 ** |
| Platelets (×103) (K/μL) | 226 (182–274) | 223 (208–280) | 245 (177–265) | 0.6054 |
| HBA1C (%) | 5.50 (5.20–6.00) | 5.40 (5.12–5.60) | 5.90 (5.35–6.60) | 0.0571 |
| FBG (mg/dL) | 96.0 (88.0–110) | 91.0 (87.2–97.8) | 102 (91.0–126) | 0.1136 |
| Insulin (μIU/mL) | 12.3 (9.60–22.5) | 7.20 (4.40–9.90) | 25.8 (20.3–28.3) | <0.0001 ** |
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 185 (164–199) | 172 (149–199) | 194 (176–202) | 0.5333 |
| LDL (mg/dL) | 101 (77.0–126) | 96.5 (75.5–125) | 110 (80.0–124) | 0.6815 |
| HDL (mg/dL) | 50.0 (42.0–60.0) | 56.0 (52.5–64.0) | 42.0 (37.5–49.5) | 0.0008 ** |
| Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 116 (85.0–178) | 84.5 (62.8–111) | 178 (129–262) | <0.0001 ** |
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 149 (79.7–249) | 99.0 (66.3–169) | 181 (105–502) | 0.0193 * |
| Uric acid (mg/dL) | 4.90 (4.30–5.80) | 4.75 (3.92–5.00) | 5.60 (4.65–6.60) | 0.0075 ** |
| Albumin (gr/dL) | 4.58 (4.38–4.70) | 4.60 (4.43–4.70) | 4.53 (4.34–4.65) | 0.2926 |
Continuous variables are presented as median (25th–75th percentile). Categorical variables are presented as counts and percentage for each variable’s category. In the categorical variables, subjects that have the disease are presented. -$: In the comparison between the groups, the p values were calculated using the Mann–Whitney U test for the continuous variables and the Chi2 (χ2) test for the categorical variables. -*: p value < 0.05, **: p value < 0.01, statistically significant.