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Schematic cellular composition of tumor microenvironment (TME) in PDAC. Tumor fibrosis is sustained by the action of pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), which are activated from quiescent PSCs, as well as myofibroblast cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). CAFs also play immunomodulatory roles (inflammatory and antigen-presenting CAFs). The immune-cell infiltrate is heterogeneous and includes B, T cells and tumor-associated macrophages. ECM: extracellular matrix.
