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. 2023 Aug 11;24(16):12677. doi: 10.3390/ijms241612677

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Schematic illustration of YAP/TAZ in bone regeneration (A) and recovery from ischemia–reperfusion injury (IRI) (B). YAP/TAZ is involved in bone fracture regeneration situations. Mineral deposition was reduced following YAP/TAZ deletion, and the expression of osteogenic differentiation markers, such as Runx2, collagen 1a1 (Col1a1, COL1A1), bone sialoprotein (Bsp, IBSP), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP, ALPL), was reduced. This is important since, in response to bone fracture, periosteal progenitor cells, after proliferation and expansion, differentiate to form cartilage and bone within the fracture callus. In the healing colon epithelium, YAP/TAZ have been shown to promote colon cell reprogramming. Here, β1-integrin-mediated FAK signaling is typical of the healing of epithelia and important for the activation of YAP. Knockout of Apc led to YAP no longer being inactivated, and the cells started growing. The activity of YAP correlated not only with cell growth but also with the expression of fetal markers, such as the lymphocyte antigen 6 gene family member Ly6a, which characterize the healing murine colon epithelium during reprogramming. The schematic was created with BioRender.com.