Figure 1.

Restraint stress resulted in the development of anxiety-like behaviors in mice. During the 20 h stress procedure, both the no stress and stress groups were deprived of access to food and water. After the termination of restraint stress, both the unstressed and stressed groups of mice were given access to food and water for a period of 2 h to restore their resources. Subsequently, the OFT was conducted. Representative video tracking images captured during a 5-min OFT are presented (A). A comparison was made between the control group (no stress) and the restraint stress group (stress) for total distance traveled (B), distance traveled in the central zone (C), and time spent in the central area (D). The number of samples used for analysis was 3 (n = 3). * indicates statistical significance at p < 0.05, ** indicates statistical significance at p < 0.01, when compared to their respective no stress groups.