| A-FABP | adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein |
| AGA | appropriate for gestational age |
| AP-1 | activator protein 1 |
| aP2 | adipocyte protein 2 |
| ATGL | adipose triglyceride lipase |
| AUROC | area under the roc curve |
| BMI | body mass index |
| DHA | docosahexaenoic acid |
| ELISA | enzyme linked immunosorbent assay |
| ER | endoplasmic reticulum |
| FA | fatty acid |
| FABP4 | fatty acid-binding protein 4 |
| FABPpm | plasma membrane-bound fatty acid binding proteins |
| FAT/CD36 | fatty acid translocase |
| FATP | fatty acid transport proteins |
| FFA | free fatty acid |
| GDM | gestational diabetes mellitus |
| HESCs | human endometrial stromal cell line |
| HOMA-IR | homeostasismodel assessment-insulin resistance |
| HSL | hormone-sensitive lipase |
| IADPSG | International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group |
| IFN | interferon |
| IL-6 | Interleukin-6 |
| IR | insulin resistance |
| IUGR | intra-uterine growth restriction |
| JAK2 | Janus kinase 2 |
| JNK | c-Jun N-terminal kinase |
| LCPUFAs | long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| LPS | lipopolysaccharide |
| MAPK | mitogen-activated protein kinase |
| mTOR | mechanistic target of rapamycin |
| mtUPR | mitochondrial unfolded-protein response |
| NK | natural killer |
| OGTT | oral glucose tolerance test |
| OR | odds ratios |
| PCOS | polycystic ovary syndrome |
| PCR | polymerase chain reaction |
| PE | preeclampsia |
| PHT | primary human trophoblasts |
| PPAR | peroxisomeproliferator-activated receptor |
| PUFAs | polyunsaturated fatty acids |
| Rap1a | RAS-related protein-1a precursor |
| RBP4 | retinol-binding protein 4 |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SGA | small-for-gestational age |
| SIRT3 | recombinant sirtuin 3 |
| STAT2 | signal transducer and activator of the transcription 2 |
| TC | total cholesterol |
| TG | circulating triglyceride |
| TLR4 | lipopolysaccharide viatoll like receptor 4 |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-α |
| VD | vitamin D |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| VEGFR2 | vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 |