Table 3.
Base Case Analysis, Lifetime Horizon
| TIO | FF/UMEC/VI | Incremental | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cumulative exacerbations | |||
| Moderate | 8.382 | 8.403 | 0.021 |
| Severe | 2.702 | 2.563 | ‒0.139 |
| Total (moderate and severe) | 11.084 | 10.966 | ‒0.118 |
| Severe, PPPY | 0.306 | 0.278 | ‒0.028 |
| Total, PPPY | 1.254 | 1.188 | ‒0.066 |
| Health outcomes | |||
| Accumulated LYs (undiscounted) | 8.836 | 9.229 | 0.393 95% CI 0.176, 0.655a |
| Accumulated QALYs | 4.684 | 5.127 | 0.443 95% CI 0.246, 0.648a |
| Costs (2021 GBP) | |||
| Accumulated costs total | £14,590 | £13,710 | ‒£880 95% CI ‒£1608, ‒£54a |
| Drug costs | £3100 | £4245 | £1145 |
| Total non-drug costs | £11,490 | £9465 | ‒£2025 |
| ICER/QALY gained | Dominantb | ||
Notes: a95% CI from probabilistic analysis. bGreater benefit at a lower cost.
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; FF, fluticasone furoate; GBP, British pound; ICER, incremental cost-effectiveness ratio; LY, life year; PPPY, per person per year; QALY, quality-adjusted life year; TIO, tiotropium; UMEC, umeclidinium; VI, vilanterol.