Table 2.

Paradoxical IBD in Psoriatic Arthritis.

Study, Year	Sex, Age	Treatment	Colonoscopy	Biopsy	IBD	Outcome
Toussirot et al., 2012 [3]	1 F, 40 years	ETN 50 mg/week	Mucosal ulcerations in colon and rectum pancolitis	Superficial ulcerations, cryptic abscesses, distorsion of crypt architecture, no epitheliod granuloma	UC	ETN discontinued and replaced with ADA with favorable intestinal outcome
Oh et al., 2005 [19]	1 M, 21 years	ETN 50 mg/week	Deep ulcerations in the terminal ileum, deep ulcerations with cobblestoning in the cecum, and scattered aphthous ulcers extending from the rectum to the right colon	Areas of acute and chronic inflammation; some crypt destruction, but no transmural inflammation or granulomas were seen, as the biopsies were superficial	CLD	ETN continued + Mesalamine. He was offered IFX to treat both his PsA and CD but he declined

F = female, ETN = Etanercept, ADA = Adalimumab, UC = ulcerative colitis, CLD = Crohn’s-like disease, PsA = psoriatic arthritis.