Table 2.
HA-HA (n = 53) |
HA-NA (n = 32) |
NA-NA (n = 35) |
p-Value | Adjusted p-Value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 46.9 (45.5–49.2) | 47.4 (46.9–49.7) | 47.6 (46.6–50.6) | 0.20 | 0.51 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 30.1 (25.7–35.6) | 30.1 (26.1–34.2) | 24.1 (22.1–28.7) | <0.01 2,3 | - |
Delta BMI (kg/m2) | 2.4 (0.7–5.5) | 2.1 (−2.6–5.0) | 2.0 (0.3–3.3) | 0.80 | - |
Waist (cm) * | 98.0 (88.5–109.0) | 96.0 (84.0–107.0) | 89.0 (80.3–96.3) | <0.05 2,3 | 0.38 |
Hip (cm) * | 101.0 (101.0–117.0) | 112.0 (103.0–117.0) | 104.5 (98.8–111.3) | 0.18 | 0.45 |
Waist/Hip ratio * | 0.9 (0.9–1.0) | 0.9 (0.8–0.9) | 0.8 (0.8–0.9) | <0.01 2 | 0.25 |
Physical activity (hours per week) * | 22.8 (13.9–30.0) | 20.5 (16.3–43.8) | 21.8 (13.3–29.3) | 0.79 | 0.82 |
Systolic BP (mm Hg) | 130.0 (120.0–140.0) | 127.5 (120.0–140.0) | 120.0 (110.0–130.0) | <0.01 2,3 | 0.19 |
Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | 85.0 (80.0–95.0) | 80.0 (75.0–90.0) | 80.0 (70.0–85.0) | <0.05 2 | 0.16 |
Hypertension | 28 (53.8) | 17 (53.1) | 5 (14.3) | <0.01 2,3 | <0.05 2,3 |
Antihypertensive medication | 12 (23.5) | 5 (15.6) | 1 (2.9) | <0.05 2 | 0.07 |
Prevalent CVD | 1 (1.9) | 1 (3.1) | 1 (2.9) | 0.93 | 0.67 |
Lipid lowering medication | 4 (7.5) | 3 (9.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0.20 | 0.30 |
Total cholesterol (mmol/L) * | 5.2 (4.3–5.9) | 5.40 (4.2–6.2) | 5.2 (4.6–5.8) | 0.76 | 0.64 |
HDL cholesterol (mmol/L) * | 1.4 (1.1–1.6) | 1.5 (1.2–1.7) | 1.82 (1.52–2.3) | <0.01 2,3 | <0.01 2 |
LDL cholesterol (mmol/L) * | 3.2 (2.6–4.1) | 3.7 (2.5–4.2) | 2.99 (2.7–3.6) | 0.60 | 0.729 |
Triglycerides (mmol/L) * | 1.0 (0.8–1.9) | 1.1 (0.9–1.5) | 0.85 (0.6–1.1) | <0.01 2,3 | 0.18 |
Dyslipidemia * | 31 (60.8) | 21 (65.6) | 13 (38.2) | 0.05 | 0.16 |
Androstenedione (nmol/L) | 2.9 (2.1–4.2) | 2.5 (2.0–3.0) | 2.6 (1.8–3.6) | 0.13 | 0.02 2 |
Testosterone (nmol/L) | 1.1 (0.7–1.3) | 0.7 (0.5–1.0) | 0.7 (0.6–1.0) | <0.01 1,2 | <0.01 1,2 |
FAI | 2.7 (1.4–3.2) | 1.8 (0.9–2.3) | 1.2 (0.8–1.5) | <0.01 1,2 | <0.01 1,2 |
NT-pro-BNP (>15 pmol/L) | 5.0 (3.0–9.0) | 6.0 (3.0–12.0) | 6.0 (4.0–8.5) | 0.81 | 0.72 |
Insulin (pmol/L) | 92.0 (52.0–161.0) | 95.0 (46.0–146.0) | 66.0 (45.0–95.0) | <0.05 2 | 0.34 |
Glucose (mmol/L) | 5.5 (5.1–5.9) | 5.1 (4.8–5.6) | 5.30 (4.9–5.5) | 0.13 | 0.47 |
Diabetes | 7 (13.2) | 2 (6.3) | 1 (2.9) | 0.20 | 0.24 |
Metabolic syndrome (NCEP definition) * | 16 (37.2) | 10 (35.7) | 3 (8.6) | <0.05 2,3 | 0.12 |
HA-HA: women who were hyperandrogenic at initial screening and at follow-up screening; HA-NA: women who were hyperandrogenic at initial screening and normoandrogenic at follow-up screening; NA-NA: women with PCOS who were normoandrogenic at initial screening and at follow-up screening. Values are presented as medians (interquartile range) or as numbers (percentages). The adjusted p-value was adjusted for BMI. BMI: body mass index; Delta BMI: difference in BMI between initial screening and follow-up screening; BP: blood pressure; HDL: high-density lipoprotein; LDL: low-density protein; FAI: free androgen index. 1 Significant difference between the HA-HA and HA-NA groups after Bonferroni correction. 2 Significant difference between the HA-HA and NA-NA groups after Bonferroni correction. 3 Significant difference between the HA-NA and NA-NA groups after Bonferroni correction. * Waist and hip circumference were missing for 11 women (n = 6 in the HA-HA group, n = 3 in the HA-NA group, and n = 2 in the NA-NA group). Physical activity was missing for 23 patients. Lipid levels were missing for 3 women (n = 2 in the HA-HA group and n = 1 in the NA-NA group). Metabolic syndrome was missing for 16 women (n = 10 in the HA-HA group, n = 4 in the HA-NA group, and n = 2 in the NA-NA group).