Table 3.

Summary of the guidelines of ACR and OARSI on the management of knee osteoarthritis by strength of recommendation [84,85].

Type of Recommendation	ACR	OARSI
Strongly recommended	Exercise Self-efficacy and self-management programs Weight loss Cane Tibiofemoral knee brace Tai Chi Oral and topical NSAIDs Intraarticular CSs	Core recommendation—Arthritis Education; Structured Land-Based Exercise Programs (Type 1—strengthening and/or cardio and/or balance training/neuromuscular exercise OR Type 2—Mind–body Exercise including Tai Chi or Yoga) with or without Dietary Weight Management Topical NSAIDs
Conditionally recommended	Heat, Therapeutic cooling Cognitive behavioral therapy Acupuncture Kinesiotaping Balance training Patellofemoral knee brace Yoga Acetaminophen Tramadol Duloxetine Topical capsaicin	Aquatic exercise Gait aids Self-management programs Cognitive behavioral therapy with exercise Non-selective NSAIDs with or without PPIs (excluding patients with GI or CV comorbidities) COX-2 inhibitors (excluding patients with CV comorbidities) Intraarticular CSs Intraarticular hyaluronic acid

COX-2—cyclooxygenase-2; CSs—corticosteroids; CV—cardiovascular; GI—gastrointestinal; NSAIDs—non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs; PPIs—proton pump inhibitors.