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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 25.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022 Aug 23;189:114505. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114505

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Mechanisms of immunotherapy. From left to right, in a recruitment phase cytokines, TLR-9 agonists, STING agonists, etc, induce IFN-y release locally leading to dendritic cell recruitment and activation in the tumor region. In the middle, priming phase, these dendritic cells activate T-cells, and where anti- CTLA-4 antibodies block T-cell and dendritic cell inhibitory signals, allow activation. Subsequently PD-1 agonists inhibit inhibitory signals from the tumor cells. Created with BioRender.com.