Fig. 3. Methanol e-refinery mechanisms toward formate.
(A) Formate production rate and (B) Faradaic efficiency variations versus catalysts’ O-2p-band center levels. (C) Different reaction diagrams between NiOxHy and FeOxHy. (D and F) Possible reaction mechanisms for SAM and LOM. (E and G) Computed free energy changes for the two schemes on LaCoO3, SrCoO3−σ, FeOxHy, and NiOxHy.