Table 4.
Taste components | Taste descriptions | Thresholda (mg/100 g) |
TAVs |
||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Seed | Pulp | Peel | |||
Sugars | |||||
Glucose | Sweet | 864.8 | 0.62 | 13.41 | 9.14 |
Saccharose | Sweet | 478 | 2.09 | 56.90 | 35.36 |
Fructose | Sweet | 90.1 | 19.98 | 133.19 | 113.21 |
Organic acids | |||||
Fumaric acid | Sour/astringent | 40 | 0.73 | – | – |
Galacturonic acid | Sour | 12.5 | 4.32 | 16.24 | 10.88 |
Succinic acid | Sour/light umami | 10 | 10.40 | – | 484.30 |
Acetic acid | Sour/gentle astringent | 12 | 12.67 | 77.08 | 11.17 |
Oxalic acid | Sour/gentle astringent | 50.4 | 19.74 | – | 14.58 |
Malic acid | Sour/gentle astringent | 49.6 | – | 20.08 | 29.54 |
Lactic acid | Sour/gentle astringent | 130 | – | 3.30 | 4.86 |
Amino acids | |||||
Phenylalanine | Bitter | 90 | 0.24 | 0.12 | – |
Citrulline | Bitter | 14 | 0.96 | – | 0.84 |
Tyrosine | Bitter | 72.5 | – | 0.15 | – |
Arginine | Bitter/sweet | 50 | 0.93 | 0.53 | 0.20 |
Methionine | Bitter/sweet/sulfurous | 30 | – | – | 0.11 |
Glycine | Sweet | 130 | 0.02 | 0.09 | 0.06 |
Threonine | Sweet | 260 | 0.03 | 0.05 | 0.04 |
Serine | Sweet | 150 | 0.11 | 0.60 | 0.38 |
Alanine | Sweet | 60 | 0.81 | 12.02 | 4.86 |
Lysine | Sweet/bitter | 50 | 0.17 | – | – |
Proline | Sweet/bitter | 300 | 0.21 | 0.80 | 0.33 |
Valine | Sweet/bitter | 40 | 0.35 | 0.32 | 0.23 |
Aspartic acid | Umami | 100 | 0.22 | 1.15 | 0.90 |
Glutamic acid | Umami | 30 | 1.17 | 1.08 | – |
Glutamine | Umami | ND | ND | ND | ND |
Asparagine | Flat/umami | ND | ND | ND | ND |
Norvaline | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
Hydroxyproline | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
Sarcosine | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
–, undetected.
“ND”, the descriptions or thresholds have not been found.
The thresholds were from the literature, measured in water (Chen and Zhang, 2007, Chen et al., 2021a, Ervina et al., 2020, Guo et al., 2019, Hufnagel and Hofmann, 2008, Kubícková and Grosch, 1998, Rotzoll et al., 2006, Zhang et al., 2022).