Table 1.

Detailed description of the outcome measures.

Outcome	Description	Scoring	MCID
Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC)	WOMAC is a 24-item self-reported questionnaire that measures three domains (pain, stiffness and physical function) graded on a five-point Likert scale.	Pain: 0-20 units; Stiffness: 0-8 units; Function: 0-68 units; Total index: 0-96 units; Higher scores indicate a worse condition.	Pain: 2-point change on a 20-point Likert scale37; Function: a score of 21 or higher indicating physical work limitations38; Total index: improvement of 12% from baseline.38
30 seconds (s) chair stand test	Individual sit in the middle of the chair placed against a wall to prevent movement, with their back straight and feet resting on the floor in line with their shoulders. The participant is requested to rise from sitting to standing as many times as possible during 30s.	Total number of repetitions within 30s; Higher number of repetitions indicates better condition.	Increase of 2 to 3 repetitions.37
9-step stair climb test	Individual is positioned in front of the stairs and, at the therapist's signal, they climb the indicated steps (nine-step stair) and descend promptly, while the researcher keeps time.	The final score was calculated based on the time the participant took to perform the test; Shorter time represents better condition.	Reduction of 5.5s in time of the test.37
40-m fast-paced walk test	After marking a distance of 10 m (using tape), cones are placed 2 m before the start and 2 m after the end of each marking. Individual is instructed to walk as quickly but as safely as possible the first 10 m (from the start mark), to turn around at the cone and walk back the 10 m again, successively until completing the distance of 40 m.	The final score was calculated based on the speed (m/s) to perform the test; Higher speed represents better condition.	Increase of 0.2–0.3 m per second in speed of the test.37

MCID, minimal clinically important difference.