Table 1.

Inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Concepts	Inclusion criteria	Exclusion criteria
Population	Adults (age ≥18 years) All countries and any sex	Age <18 years
Intervention	Interventions that explicitly aim to reduce social media use through behavioral methods (eg, limiting social media access) or therapy-based methods (eg, CBTa)	Interventions that target general internet use, communication methods (eg, texting), and smartphone use
Comparator	Treatment as usual No intervention Pre- and postintervention comparison	N/Ab
Outcome	Subjective and objective mental well-being or mental health measures (eg, self-reported measures). Measures related to mental well-being or those related to factors that may inhibit well-being (eg, stress and loneliness) were also included to encompass the broad definition of mental well-being as a state in which a person can realize their own abilities, cope with the stresses of life, and contribute to their community [29]. FOMOc was also included because it has been found to be associated with problematic social media use and poorer mental well-being [30-32]	Outcomes regarding time spent on social media or type of social media use
Study types	Randomized controlled trials Quasi-experimental designs Pre-post studies	Cross-sectional studies Qualitative studies
Publication types	Peer-reviewed articles Full text available	Conference papers, editorial letters, meeting abstracts, gray literature, theses, and systematic reviews Articles not in English

^aCBT: cognitive behavioral therapy.

^bN/A: not applicable.

^cFOMO: fear of missing out.