Table 2. Risk of Recurrent Gout Flares by Initiation of Either SGLT2i or Active Comparators Among Patients With Gout and Type 2 Diabetes.
| Variable | Treatment group | |
|---|---|---|
| SGLT2i | Active comparatora | |
| All SGLT2i cohort (n = 1548) vs all active comparator cohort (n = 4383) | ||
| Event, No. of recurrent flares | 318 | 1714 |
| 1 | 79 | 338 |
| 2 | 21 | 109 |
| 3 | 13 | 51 |
| 4 | 9 | 36 |
| ≥5 | 13 | 94 |
| Weighted mean follow-up, y | 2.76 | 2.70 |
| Weighted rate of event per 1000 person-years | 78.6 | 99.0 |
| Weighted RD (95% CI) per 1000 person-years | −20.4 (−39.6 to −1.2) | 0 [Reference] |
| Age-, sex-, and entry year–adjusted RR (95% CI) | 0.76 (0.67 to 0.86) | 1 [Reference] |
| Weighted RR (95% CI) | 0.79 (0.65 to 0.97) | 1 [Reference] |
| SGLT2i cohort (n = 1829) vs DPP-4i cohort (n = 4113) | ||
| Total No. of recurrent flares | 428 | 1599 |
| Weighted mean follow-up, y | 2.95 | 2.86 |
| Weighted rate of event per 1000 person-years | 85.7 | 93.7 |
| Weighted RD (95% CI) per 1000 person-years | −8.1 (−17.0 to 0.8) | 0 [Reference] |
| Age-, sex-, and entry year–adjusted RR (95% CI) | 0.85 (0.75 to 0.95) | 1 [Reference] |
| Weighted RR (95% CI) | 0.85 (0.71 to 1.02) | 1 [Reference] |
| SGLT2i cohort (n = 2551) vs GLP-1 RA cohort (n = 787) | ||
| Total No. of recurrent flares | 539 | 375 |
| Weighted mean follow-up (years) | 2.94 | 2.91 |
| Weighted rate of event, per 1000 person-years | 88.9 | 143.8 |
| Weighted RD (95% CI), per 1000 person-years | −54.9 (−84.4 to −25.3) | 0 [Reference] |
| Age-, sex-, and entry year–adjusted RR (95% CI) | 0.54 (0.47 to 0.62) | 1 [Reference] |
| Weighted RR (95% CI) | 0.65 (0.51 to 0.83) | 1 [Reference] |
Abbreviations: DPP-4i, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors; GLP-1 RA, glucagonlike peptide-1 receptor agonist; RD, rate differences; RR, relative rate; SGLT2i, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors.
a
Active comparators consist of DPP-4i and GLP-1 RA.