Table 4.
Comparison of body composition parameters at T0 and T1 in the 3 treatment groups.
| DXA Parameters |
KDCB T0 | KDCB T1 | p-Value | KD T0 | KD T1 | p-Value | CB T0 | CB T1 | p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total fat tissue (%) |
36.39 [9.21] | 34.38 [9.6] | 0.012 * | 38.03 [7.69] | 36.35 [9.83] | 0.044 * | 38.78 [9.52] | 37.42 [10.43] | 0.153 |
| Total fat tissue (g) |
26,825.88 [15,049.11] | 24,619.63 [15,214.81] | 0.005 * | 29,135.88 [9149.12] | 26,489.17 [11,013.63] | 0.019 * | 32,070.5 [18,361.24] | 29,948.5 [17,215.04] | 0.064 |
| Total leg fat tissue (%) | 42.44 [8.45] | 40.49 [8.93] | 0.020 * | 46.08 [6.02] | 44.97 [8.03] | 0.075 | 45.63 [6.37] | 45.27 [5.98] | 0.598 |
| Total leg fat tissue (g) | 13,008.63 [5692.33] | 11,702.88 [5722.94] | 0.001 * | 14,616.63 [4120.1] | 13,264.5 [4021.63] | 0.015 * | 14,243.5 [6219.5] | 14,108.33 [6473.1] | 0.673 |
| Total arm fat tissue (g) | 2177.25 [682.81] | 2266 [955.18] | 0.676 | 2336.38 [884.28] | 2167.5 [959.96] | 0.664 | 2557.67 [1551.81] | 2674.67 [1820.62] | 0.564 |
| Android total fat tissue (%) | 37.63 [12.71] | 33.75 [13.56] | 0.0011 * | 41.44 [10.09] | 35.47 [17.34] | 0.029 * | 41.67 [11.91] | 40.97 [12.45] | 0.666 |
| Gynoid total fat tissue (%) | 43.95 [7.54] | 40.91 [7.91] | 0.003 * | 46.66 [5.92] | 43.27 [8.63] | 0.030 * | 47.55 [6.4] | 46.48 [6.55] | 0.314 |
| Total lean mass (g) | 41,295.75 [10,954.4] | 40,645.25 [10,826.55] | 0.243 | 43,512.38 [4267.88] | 41,546 [5058.08] | 0.139 | 43,379 [7137.34] | 42,949.67 [6532.6] | 0.530 |
| Total leg lean mass (g) |
15,772.88 [3054.57] | 15,197.63 [3291.54] | 0.114 | 15,725 [2284.37] | 14,888.33 [1940.51] | 0.397 | 15,160.55 [3177.59] | 15,301.67 [3907.32] | 0.815 |
| Total arm lean mass (g) | 3488.5 [596.14] | 3833.5 [398.06] | 0.121 | 3509 [723.16] | 3634.17 [333.77] | 0.426 | 3580 [700.9] | 3921.17 [831.92] | 0.346 |
| IMAT | 0.94 [0.45] | 0.83 [0.45] | 0.026 * | 1.17 [0.43] | 1.05 [0.48] | 0.007 * | 1.16 [0.61] | 1.1 [0.62] | 0.111 |
| ASMMI | 7.54 [0.87] | 7.45 [1.08] | 0.585 | 7.03 [0.8] | 6.63 [0.41] | 0.384 | 7.42 [1.5] | 7.62 [1.7] | 0.538 |
KDCB, ketogenic diet and carboxytherapy group; KD, ketogenic diet group; CB, carboxytherapy group; IMAT, intramuscular adipose tissue; ASMMI, appendicular skeletal muscle mass index; T0, baseline; T1, after 10 weeks. Standard deviation in square brackets. Statistical significance was attributed as * p < 0.05.