Table 1.

Summary of BDNF main functions in the central nervous system.

Function	Description
Neuronal Development	Promotes the growth and development of neurons during early brain development, contributing to the formation of neuronal connections and neural circuits [29].
Synaptic Plasticity	Regulates synaptic plasticity. It facilitates the strengthening and formation of new synapses [30].
Learning, Memory, and Mood Regulation	Supports the formation of long-term memories and promotes the consolidation of newly acquired information. BDNF is also implicated in mood regulation, being associated with the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders, such as major depression disorder [2,32].
Neurogenesis	Promotes the generation of new neurons, replenishing and maintaining a healthy population of neurons [35].
Neuroprotection	Helps to mitigate damage caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, and other harmful processes in the brain [40].