| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| EPS | extracellular polymeric substance |
| NPs | nanoparticles |
| Hydase | hyaluronidase |
| PGA | penicillin G amidase |
| βla | β-lactamase |
| CBS | cystathionine β-synthase |
| CSE | cystathionine γ-lyase |
| PMB | Polymyxin B |
| PDA | polydopamine |
| GSH | glutathione |
| HA | hyaluronic acid |
| PDT | photodynamic therapy |
| PTT | photothermal therapy |
| US | ultrasound |
| MW | microwaves |
| H2O2 | hydrogen peroxide |
| O2− | superoxide anions |
| ·OH | hydroxyl radicals |
| P. aeruginosa | Pseudomonas aeruginosa |
| MRSA | Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus |
| E. coli | Escherichia coli |
| S. aureus | Staphylococcus aureus |
| B. longum | Bifidobacterium longum |
| L. acidophilus | Lactobacillus acidophilus |
| E. faecalis | Enterococcus faecalis |
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