Table 1.
Facial expressions databases.
| Database | Spontaneous/ in-the-wild |
Images/ Videos |
Type | Subjects | Facial Expression |
References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CK+ [31] | spontaneous | 593 images | mostly gray | 123 | neutral, sadness, surprise, happiness, fear, anger, contempt, disgust | [32,33,34,35] |
| JAFFE [36] | spontaneous | 213 images | gray | 10 | neutral, sadness, surprise, happiness, fear, anger, disgust | [35,37,38,39] |
| Raf-DB [40] | in-the-wild | 8040 images- | color | 67 | neutral, sadness, contempt, surprise, happiness, fear, anger, disgust | [41,42,43] |
| AffectNET [44] | in-the-wild | ~450,000 manually ~500,000 automatically annotated |
color | neutral, happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, disgust, anger, and contempt | [33,45,46,47] | |
| Aff-Wild2 [48] | in-the-wild | ~2,800,000 manually annotated | color | 458 | neutral, happiness, sadness, surprise, fear, disgust, anger + valence–arousal + action units 1,2,4,6,12,15,20,25 | [49,50] |
| FER-2013 [51] | in-the-wild | 35,000 images | gray | angry, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise, neutral | [52,53,54] | |
| ADFES-BIV [55] | spontaneous | 370 videos | 12 | anger, disgust, fear, joy, sadness, surprise, contempt, pride, embarrassment | [56] | |
| WSEFEP [57] | spontaneous | 210 images | color | 30 | enjoyment, fear, disgust, anger, sadness, surprise, neutral | [56,58] |
| OAHEGA [59] | in-the-wild | 15,744 images | color | neutral, happy, angry, surprise, sadness | [52] | |
| KDEF [60] | spontaneous | 490 images | grey | 272 | angry, fearful, disgust, happiness, sadness, surprised, neutral | [37,61,62] |
| Oulu-CASIA [63] | spontaneous | 480 sequences | color | 80 | surprise, happiness, sadness, anger, fear, disgust | [64,65] |
| SASE-FE [66] | spontaneous | 600 videos | color | 50 | anger, happiness, sadness, disgust, contempt, surprise | [34] |
| SFEW [67] | in-the-wild | 1739 images | color | 330 | anger, disgust, fear, neutral, happiness, sadness, surprise | [68,69] |
| AFEW [70] | in-the-wild | 1426 sequences | color | 330 | anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise, neutral | [65,71,72,73,74] |
| iCV-MEFED [75] | spontaneous | 31,250 images | color | 125 | anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, surprise, neutral | [30] |
| MMI [76] | spontaneous | 2900 videos | color | 75 | sadness, happiness, fear, anger, surprise, and disgust | [71,73,74,77,78] |
| Multi-PIE [79] | spontaneous | 750,000 images | color | 337 | neutral, smile, surprise, squint, disgust, scream | [80,81] |
| IEMOCAP [82] | spontaneous | 12 h video | color | 120 | anger, happiness, excitement, sadness, frustration, fear, surprise, neutral | [83] |